Logical Reasoning

PT154 · S2 · Q7 Library policy: For a book

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Library policy: For a book to be removed from circulation, the book must be badly damaged and must not have been checked out for over two years.

Policy

Not badly damaged should not be or → removed from Checked out w/in circulation last two years

Written by local author or considered locally signif should not be and → removed from Checked out within circulation last three years

Application

Paper Flowers should not be removed.

Evaluate

When we're given principles, we want to always arrange them so that the Criterion is on the left and the Judgy term (should not be removed) is on the right.

The first rule said for X to happen, Y and Z must be true

Which contraposes into if Y false or Z false, X shouldn't happen

The second rule said Things that are Y or Z can be X only if Z

That one is too complex to have one standard rule to go off of. We're better off thinking,

That look like checked out within last 3 yrs → can't be removed

Then we just added on to the left side what criteria makes you part of "this group" of books: written by local author, significant to local history, or both

You could consider fudging the details there and just saying Locally important and → can't be removed checked out w/in last 3

Goal

Assuming we symbolized the rules properly, the hard part is over. Since the Application is saying that PF shouldn't be removed, we can get there by establishing that PF either triggers the first policy or the second.

So we either need to hear that PF 1. isn't badly damaged 2. has been checked out in the past 2 years or 3. is "locally important" and has been checked out in the past 3 years

Any of those three conditions will do it.

7.

Which one of the following, if true, fully justifies the above application of the library policy?

  1. Paper Flowers is badly damaged.

    Opposite

    We would want to hear that it isn't badly damaged, if we're trying to conclude that we shouldn't remove it from circulation.

    1% picked this

  2. Correct

    Paper Flowers has been checked

    Why this is right

    Yup, this was #2. According to the first sentence, only books that haven't been checked out for over two years are allowed to be removed from circulation. Since this book has been checked out within the last two years, it can't be removed from circulation.

    Skill tested: Principle-Strengthen · how this choice captures the argument's function is the move to repeat next time.

    90% picked this

  3. Paper Flowers was last checked

    Unclear Impact

    This answer starts to make it eligible for criteria #3 but doesn't fully establish criteria #3. If it's "locally important" and has been checked out in the past three years, then it shouldn't be removed. But this answer choice doesn't establish that it's locally important.

    6% picked this

  4. Paper Flowers was written by

    Unclear Impact

    This answer starts to make it eligible for criteria #3 but doesn't fully establish criteria #3. If it's "locally important" and has been checked out in the past three years, then it shouldn't be removed. But this answer choice doesn't establish that it's been checked out in the past three years. This answer is essentially the exact same problem as choice (C).

    1% picked this

  5. Paper Flowers was not written

    Unclear Impact

    This answer starts to make it eligible for criteria #3 but doesn't fully establish criteria #3. If it's "locally important" and has been checked out in the past three years, then it shouldn't be removed. But this answer choice doesn't establish that it's been checked out in the past three years. So this one has the same problem as (C) and (D).

    2% picked this

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