PT154 S1 Q26 ExplanationPhilosopher: A person is morally responsible

Answer choices, explained

1. A

   Illegal Reversal7% picked this

   An alternative action is not genuinely open to a person unless that person would be morally responsible for

   This is our chain. Morally action alt. action alt. action responsible → freely → genuinely → action for action performed open wrong This answer says alt action morally genuinely → responsible open for action It's going backwards from our 3rd ingredient to our 1st one.

   7%
2. B

   Out of Scope: most actions2% picked this

   People are not morally responsible for most of the actions that

   We can never derive a claim about "most X" if the stimulus never had a claim about "most X". This answer is saying, "Most performed actions are ones that people aren't morally responsible for". To prove that we'd need to know that in most cases that actions are performed, people aren't performing it freely / don't have a morally acceptable option open to them.

   2%
3. C

   Illegal Reversal25% picked this

   A person is morally responsible for an action if there is an alternative action that is genuinely

   This is our chain. Morally action alt. action alt. action responsible → freely → genuinely → action for action performed open wrong This answer says alt action morally genuinely → responsible open for action "If" indicates the sufficient / left-side condition. It's going backwards from our 3rd ingredient to our 1st one. It's also identical to (A), so it's guaranteed that both are wrong.

   25%
4. D

   Unsupported Relationship6% picked this

   If it would be morally wrong for a person to perform a given action, then that action is

   This was our chain Morally action alt. action alt. act responsible → freely → genuinely → action for action performed open wrong This answer says morally action is wrong → genuinely action open That doesn't match anything. We only talked about whether an "alternative action is genuinely open", not about whether "an action is genuinely open".

   6%
5. E

   Correct59% picked this

   An action is not free unless there is an alternative action that is

   Why this is right

   This is our chain. Morally action alt. action alt. action responsible → freely → genuinely → action for action performed open wrong This answer says action alt. action freely → not morally performed wrong That's going from the 2nd to the 4th ingredient in the chain. An action is not free unless there's an alternate action that is genuinely open to the person (i.e. genuinely open = an alternative that is not morally wrong).

   Skill tested: Must be True · how this choice captures the argument's function is the move to repeat next time.

   59%