Logical Reasoning

PT153 · S3 · Q21 Columnist: Obviously, money helps

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Columnist: Obviously, money helps one satisfy oneʼs desires.

Conclusion

People become less happy as they become more wealthy.

Evidence

Even though money helps you satisfy your desires (and wealth helps you satisfy ones you would otherwise not be able to do), wealth always creates an even greater number of desires that will not be satisfied.

Evaluate

Preach, Columnist. This is why we have gross income inequality -- because a billionaire feels "poor" relative to richer billionaires.

The conclusion is saying that people become less happy as they become wealthy, but the evidence only speaks about having a greater number of unsatisfied desires.

So there is a Missing Link assumption that .

What sort of Objections would people make to this argument? How could they argue that even though wealth creates new desires that won't be satisfied, people actually DO become more happy as they become more wealthy?

Besides arguing that "number of unsatisfied desires" is irrelevant to happiness (attacking the missing link), we could argue that the desires you satisfy en route to $1 million are much more important to you than the desires you might satisfy en route to $10 million.

Meaning -- yes, becoming a billionaire has now created an even greater number of desires (private island, cryogenic freezing of my body, Paul McCartney's teeth), but those desires aren't super important ones. It doesn't hurt me to miss out on them. What really mattered was satisfying my previous set of core desires: financial security for my family, indoor basketball court at my house, decked out home studio for recording music.

Goal

Look for an answer saying, , or an answer that otherwise helps to convince us that Mo' Money, Mo' Problems.

21.

Which one of the following, if true, most strengthens the columnist's argument?

  1. Extreme wealth impedes the attainment

    Too Weak

    This goes in the general direction of "the wealthier you get, the less happy you are", because it's attaching a negative-sounding consequence to extreme wealth, but it's a very weak strengthener because it's only talking about extreme wealth and the highest level of happiness. So if you're top 10 wealthiest in the world, you can't attain the #1 ranking in happiness. But that doesn't mean that as you got wealthier you got less happy. Maybe you got happier and happier until you were the 100th happiest person in the world and then extra wealth didn't make you any happier (or less happy). Because the conclusion is phrased in Volume Knob style, "the more X, the less Y", it's a really sweeping claim about every stage of becoming more wealthy. Since this answer choice only deals with the thinnest slice of extreme wealth, it tells us very little about the majority of cases the conclusion is talking about.

    6% picked this

  2. Correct

    The fewer unfulfilled desires one

    Why this is right

    This looks a lot like our prephrase, they just flipped it around, since we're dealing with Volume Knob type ideas. We wanted "the more unfulfilled desires you have, the less happy you are", which is identical to saying "the fewer unfulfilled desires you have, the more happy you are". This answer strongly connects the Evidence to the Conclusion.

    Skill tested: Strengthen · how this choice captures the argument's function is the move to repeat next time.

    73% picked this

  3. Oneʼs happiness tends not to

    Weakens, if anything

    We need to hear that when a desire isn't satisfied, one's happiness tends to decrease. This says that when a desire is satisfied, one's happiness doesn't increase. We don't really care as much whether happiness is increased by satisfying desires, but the fact that this answer seems to undermine the idea that there's a direct connection between happiness and desire-satisfaction would only weaken the argument.

    15% picked this

  4. There are very few wealthy

    Weak / No Impact

    We could rephrase this as "most wealthy people would prefer to be wealthier". Does that strengthen? Not really. We could maybe say "if they would prefer to be something else, then they are unhappy", but that's too much of a stretch. I would prefer to be 25 years old, but that doesn't mean I'm unhappy (or even less happy than when I was 25).

    1% picked this

  5. Satisfying oneʼs desires is not

    Weakens, if anything

    We could rephrase this as "at least one other thing (besides satisfying desires) is relevant to happiness". That would potentially muddy the waters for the author. She's saying as wealth increases, number of unsatisfied desires increase (she assumes that decreases happiness), so happiness decreases. If other things also affect happiness, then maybe as wealth increases, some of those other influences change in ways that increase happiness, which could potentially offset any increase in unhappiness we might get from more unsatisfied desires.

    4% picked this

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