Reading ComprehensionDifficulty: Medium

PT156 S3 P1 Q1 ExplanationFormalism vs. Substantive Justice

A free, expert breakdown of this official LSAT Reading Comprehension question.

TopicsWeakenLaw

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Passage

Two competing demands we make of the law create a troubling conflict that contributes to the law's frequent failure to deliver what we imagine it should. On one hand, we want a formalist system of law—one that is rational and rule-based, and that promises to deliver us from arbitrariness, irrationality, and caprice applied, and blind to the differing social and economic situations of those who come before it.

On the other hand, however, we want the law to be connected to social reality and sensitive to the particular contexts out of which individual cases arise. After all, a body of law is of little use if it delivers justice that is merely procedural as opposed to substantive—i.e., if it cannot in individual cases—that it derive from and relate to subjective experience as well as objective reason.

It seems, then, that we are left with an irreconcilable tension arising from the competing imperatives of formalism and substantive justice. Any attempt to accommodate both principles within the legal system is bound to fail for systemic reasons: formalism cannot produce substantive justice until there is a reasonable degree of social equality. substantive justice within a legal system situated in conditions of social inequality is a misguided project.

What this question is testing

Weaken

Your task

Find the choice that makes the argument's conclusion less likely to be true.

Common trap

Answers that look negative but attack a claim the argument never relied on.

Winning move

Find the assumption the argument depends on, then pick the choice that undermines it.

Reading along? Open the full official question in LawHub — we show a fragment here and keep the reasoning in our own words.

The question
1.

Which one of the following would, if true, most seriously undermine the author's conclusion about formalism

Answer choices, explained

  1. Trap3% picked this

    The vast majority of people are quite aware of the imperfections of merely procedural justice but do not see any practical

  2. Correct76% picked this

    Nonformalist legal systems have been found to deliver substantive justice even less frequently than

    Why this is right

    Answer B is correct.

    Skill tested: Weaken · how this choice captures the passage's function is the move to repeat next time.

  3. Trap4% picked this

    Any type of collective action that is formalized into a set of rules tends to become less effective as those rules

  4. Trap12% picked this

    Societies in which there is little social inequality tend to use formalism as a basis

  5. Trap5% picked this

    A formalist approach to the law is sometimes found to be too broad and abstract to apply to

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