Logical ReasoningDifficulty: Hard

PT122 S2 Q21 Explanation

Since the sweetness of sugared

A free, expert breakdown of this official LSAT Logical Reasoning question.

TopicsMust be False

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Stimulus

Since the sweetness of sugared beverages makes athletes more likely to drink them, they can be helpful in avoiding dehydration. Furthermore, small amounts of sugar enhance the body’s absorption of water and delay muscle fatigue by maintaining the body’s glucose level. Still, one must use sugared beverages blood to the stomach, thereby exacerbating the dehydration process.

What this question is testing

Must be False

Your task

Break the argument into its conclusion and evidence, then do exactly what the question stem asks with that structure.

Common trap

Answers that sound relevant to the topic but don't connect to the argument's actual reasoning.

Winning move

Predict what a right answer must do, then test each choice against the conclusion-evidence gap.

Reading along? Open the full official question in LawHub — we show a fragment here and keep the reasoning in our own words.

The question
21.

If the statements above are true, then each of the following could also

Answer choices

  1. Compatible3% picked this

    Glucose is not the only type of sugar whose absence or scarcity in one’s diet

    Can we contradict this? Contradicting this would mean saying that "glucose is the only sugar whose absence/scarcity causes muscle fatigue". Can we derive from the passage that glucose is the only sugar that affects muscle fatigue? Nope. The passage doesn't say anything that strong.

  2. Correct64% picked this

    Problems caused by dehydration are invariably exacerbated if substances that delay muscle

    Why this is right

    Can we contradict this? Contradicting a conditional always means saying, "it's possible the LEFT side is true but the RIGHT side isn't". From our paragraph, can we derive that it's possible that substances that delay muscle fatigue are consumed but problems caused by dehydration are not exacerbated? Sure, we're told with sugar / sugared beverages that 1. consuming them in small amounts delays muscle fatigue and 2. they can be helpful in avoiding dehydration So drinking small amounts of a sugared beverage (or drinking a lightly sugared beverage) can mean that you're consuming a substance that delays muscle fatigue, while doing something that helps you to avoid dehydration. Thus, we've contradicted the idea that consuming substances that delay muscle fatigue invariably exacerbates problems caused by dehydration.

    Skill tested: Must be False · how this choice captures the argument's function is the move to repeat next time.

  3. Out of Scope13% picked this

    Dehydrated athletes find beverages containing large amounts of sugar to be

    Out of Scope: find them too sweet Because the paragraph never discusses the opinion of dehydrated athletes, whether sugary beverages are "too sweet / the right amount of sweet / not sweet enough", there's no way to contradict this.

  4. Out of Scope: worsens muscle fatigue11% picked this

    Some situations that exacerbate the problems caused by muscle fatigue do not exacerbate those

    We don't really hear about anything that sounds like "a situation that exacerbates the problems caused by muscle fatigue". We only hear about consuming small amounts of sugar, as a situation that lessens the likelihood of muscle fatigue. Contradicting this answer would be saying that "All situations that exacerbate muscle fatigue also exacerbate dehydration". Can we derive that claim from the paragraph? Heck no. Too extreme and we never talk about exacerbating muscle fatigue.

  5. Out of Scope: primary absorption factor8% picked this

    The rate at which the body absorbs water depends primarily on the amount of water already

    Can we contradict this answer? Does the passage tell us "the primary factor that determines the rate at which the body absorbs water"? It does not. So we have no way to contradict (E), which thinks that "water in the blood" is the primary factor.

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