Logical Reasoning

PT144 · S3 · Q25 In most industrial waste

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In most industrial waste products that contain the toxic chemical XTX, the concentration of this chemical is approximately 1,000 parts per million.

Evidence

In most industrial waste products that contain the toxic chemical XTX, the concentration of this chemical is approximately 1,000 parts per million.

A federal law intended to reduce the harm that can result from the introduction of XTX into the environment permits a company to dispose of these waste products in a dump for hazardous waste, but only if the concentration of XTX is below 500 parts per million.

Waste products with concentrations above that level must be destroyed by incineration.

Provision

Manufacturers may not dilute XTX-containing waste products to bring their concentration of XTX down to a permissible level for dumping.

Evaluate

The right answer should provide a reason against permitting dilution of XTX-containing waste products.

25.

Which one of the following, if true, argues most strongly for the inclusion of the antidilution provision of the law?

  1. If improperly incinerated, waste products

    Weaken

    This provides a reason against incinerating XTX-containing waste products and makes it less likely that the provision should be included.

    9% picked this

  2. Correct

    If present in the environment

    Why this is right

    This provides a reason why permitting diluted XTX would be harmful.

    Skill tested: Strengthen · how this choice captures the argument's function is the move to repeat next time.

    80% picked this

  3. When XTX is exposed to

    Out of Scope

    The impact of this is unknown unless it were determined whether dumps for hazardous waste expose XTX to sunlight and oxygen.

    3% picked this

  4. Most owners of dumps for

    Weaken

    This does not speak to whether the concentration had been diluted.

    3% picked this

  5. To manufacturers, the cost of

    Weaken

    This makes the provision less necessary since manufacturers would not be incentivized to dilute their waste products containing XTX.

    4% picked this

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