Logical ReasoningDifficulty: Hard

PT140 S2 Q22 Explanation

If the budget does not allow

A free, expert breakdown of this official LSAT Logical Reasoning question.

TopicsSufficient Assumption

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Stimulus

If the budget does not allow for more dairy inspectors to be hired, most of the large dairies in the central valley will not meet federal standards governing the disposal of natural wastes, which can seep into streams and groundwater. The new district budget, however, does not allow for the district's drinking water is likely to become polluted.

What this question is testing

Sufficient Assumption

Your task

Find the assumption that, if added, guarantees the conclusion follows.

Common trap

Answers that only partly bridge the gap, leaving the conclusion unproven.

Winning move

Identify the new term in the conclusion and pick the choice that links it to the evidence.

Reading along? Open the full official question in LawHub — we show a fragment here and keep the reasoning in our own words.

The question
22.

The conclusion above follows logically if which one of the following

Answer choices

  1. Negation8% picked this

    If most of the dairies in the central valley meet federal standards for the disposal of natural wastes, it is unlikely that most of

    This negates the assumption DMS ? DWP of the argument.

  2. Too Weak18% picked this

    To keep all the drinking water in the district clean requires more dairy inspectors to monitor the dairies'

    The contrapositive of this relationship states that if more dairy inspectors are not hired, then not all of the drinking water in the district will be kept clean. However, the conclusion is that most of the district’s drinking water is likely to be polluted, while this would only ensure that some of the drinking water is likely to be polluted.

  3. Reversal3% picked this

    All of the district's drinking water is likely to become polluted only if all of the large dairies in the central valley do not

    This reverses the DWP ? DMS assumption of the argument.

  4. Correct64% picked this

    Most of the district's drinking water is likely to become polluted if most of the large dairies in the central valley do not meet

    Why this is right

    This bridges the gap ~DMS ? DWP between most of the large dairies in the valley not meeting federal standards and the district’s drinking water likely becoming polluted.

    Skill tested: Sufficient Assumption · how this choice captures the argument's function is the move to repeat next time.

  5. Wrong Trigger6% picked this

    If none of the large dairies in the central valley meets federal standards for the disposal of natural wastes, most of the district's drinking

    The trigger of this relationship has not been established in the argument, since this provides a rule for the case when none of the large dairies meet federal standards. But the argument only establishes that most of the large dairies will not meet federal standards.

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