Logical ReasoningDifficulty: Easy

PT134 S2 Q13 Explanation

Some paleontologists believe that certain species

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Stimulus

Some paleontologists believe that certain species of dinosaurs guarded their young in protective nests long after the young hatched. As evidence, they cite the discovery of fossilized hadrosaur babies and adolescents in carefully designed nests. But similar nests for hatchlings and adolescents are constructed by modern crocodiles, a very brief time after they hatch. Hence, _______.

What this question is testing

Most Supported

Your task

Break the argument into its conclusion and evidence, then do exactly what the question stem asks with that structure.

Common trap

Answers that sound relevant to the topic but don't connect to the argument's actual reasoning.

Winning move

Predict what a right answer must do, then test each choice against the conclusion-evidence gap.

Reading along? Open the full official question in LawHub — we show a fragment here and keep the reasoning in our own words.

The question
13.

Which one of the following most logically completes

Answer choices

  1. Too Strong: "no evidence” / Opposite3% picked this

    paleontologists who believe that hadrosaurs guarded their young long after the young hatched have no evidence

    Ouch, no evidence? They had evidence in the form of fossils in elaborate nests.

  2. Too Strong3% picked this

    we will never be able to know the extent to which hadrosaurs

    Why so fatalistic? We will never be able to figure this out? Way too strong.

  3. Too Strong: “at most very brief”5% picked this

    hadrosaurs guarded their young for at most very brief periods

    This is pretty good, but still stronger than the correct answer. We don’t have to commit to a verdict right now. Crocs are a similar species with a similar nest doing potentially different things with their young. The truth is murky, whereas this conclusion is sure of itself.

  4. Out Of Scope: “other dinosaurs”7% picked this

    it is unclear whether what we learn about hadrosaurs from their fossilized remains tells us

    There’s no momentum for the author to conclude by talking about other dinosaurs. The paleontologists are making a move from thinking “What was true of hadrosaurs was probably also true of certain species of dinosaurs”. But the author doesn’t rebut that move. She rebuts the move from “elaborate nest” to “guarded young for a long time”.

  5. Correct82% picked this

    the construction of nests for hatchlings and adolescents is not strong evidence for

    Why this is right

    This is an appropriately weak pushback against the paleontologists. The example of crocodiles shows that we can’t automatically infer “guarded young for a while” from the existence of “elaborately designed nest”. So the elaborate hadrosaur nest they’ve found is not strong evidence for inferring that hadrosaurs “guarded young for a while”.

    Skill tested: Most Supported · how this choice captures the argument's function is the move to repeat next time.

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