Logical Reasoning

PT123 · S3 · Q11 Feathers recently taken from seabirds

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Feathers recently taken from seabirds stuffed and preserved in the 1880s have been found to contain only half as much mercury as feathers recently taken from living birds of the same species.

Evidence

Feathers recently taken from seabirds stuffed and preserved in the 1880s have been found to contain only half as much mercury as feathers recently taken from living birds of the same species.

Mercury that accumulates in a seabird’s feathers as the feathers grow is derived from fish eaten by the bird.

Conclusion

These results indicate that mercury levels in saltwater fish are higher now than they were 100 years ago.

Evaluate

There are two equally likely explanations for the difference in the amount of mercury contained in the seabirds’ feathers. One explanation is the argument’s conclusion that more mercury is being absorbed into feathers than before. Another explanation is that the mercury in the samples of preserved birds somehow dissipated during their period of preservation.

11.

The argument depends on assuming that

  1. the proportion of a seabird’s

    Weakens

    This weakens the argument by providing an alternative explanation for the difference in the amount of mercury contained in the seabirds’ feathers.

    10% picked this

  2. the amount of mercury in

    Irrelevant Relationship

    Connecting mercury and pollution has no impact on the argument.

    5% picked this

  3. mercury derived from fish is

    Irrelevant Relationship

    Whether mercury is helpful or not is not relevant to why the two samples contained different levels of mercury.

    3% picked this

  4. the stuffed seabirds whose feathers

    Weakens

    This weakens the argument by providing an alternative explanation for the difference in the amount of mercury contained in the seabirds’

    2% picked this

  5. Correct

    the process used to preserve

    Why this is right

    This defends the argument from the alternative explanation for the difference in the amount of mercury contained in the seabirds’ feathers.

    Skill tested: Necessary Assumption · how this choice captures the argument's function is the move to repeat next time.

    80% picked this

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