Logical ReasoningDifficulty: Hard

PT116 S2 Q18 Explanation

Editorial: It is clear that

A free, expert breakdown of this official LSAT Logical Reasoning question.

TopicsSufficient Assumption

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Stimulus

Editorial: It is clear that what is called “health education” is usually propaganda rather than education. Propaganda and education are never the same thing. The former is nothing but an attempt to influence behavior through the repetition of simplistic slogans, whereas the latter never involves such a method. Though education does attempt to act on that information. Sadly, however, propaganda is much more successful than education.

What this question is testing

Sufficient Assumption

Your task

Find the assumption that, if added, guarantees the conclusion follows.

Common trap

Answers that only partly bridge the gap, leaving the conclusion unproven.

Winning move

Identify the new term in the conclusion and pick the choice that links it to the evidence.

Reading along? Open the full official question in LawHub — we show a fragment here and keep the reasoning in our own words.

The question
18.

The conclusion drawn by the editorial follows logically if it is assumed that what is called

Answer choices

  1. Unrelated to Goal9% picked this

    does not leave it up to the individual to decide how to

    Do we have a rule somewhere that says, if it's not leaving it then it's up to the individual ? propaganda ? to decide how to act No. Propaganda was never defined as "not-leaving it up to the individual to decide", so this answer won't allow us to prove that health education is usually propaganda. This answer only allows us to prove that health education usually isn't education. But it's not like there are only two choices in the world, where anything that isn't education is automatically propaganda. This ham sandwich isn't education, but that doesn't mean it's propaganda.

  2. Unrelated to Goal15% picked this

    does not offer information in all

    Do we have a rule somewhere that says, if it's not offering up then it's information in all its ? propaganda ? complexity No. Propaganda was never defined as "not-offering info in all its complexity", so this answer won't allow us to prove that health education is usually propaganda. This answer only allows us to prove that health education usually isn't education. But it's not like there are only two choices in the world, where anything that isn't education is automatically propaganda.

  3. Opposite6% picked this

    does not involve the repetition of

    Propaganda does involve the repetition of simplistic slogans, and we're trying to prove that health education is usually propaganda, so this is the opposite of what we want.

  4. Correct59% picked this

    attempts to influence behavior solely by repeating

    Why this is right

    We were told in the evidence that Propaganda is nothing but an attempt to influence behavior through the repetition of simplistic slogans. This answer choice is telling us that Health education is usually an attempt to influence behavior through the repetition of simplistic slogans. So combining those two ideas we can derive the argument's conclusion: Health education is usually propaganda. (If you're worried about whether we're moving backwards conditionally with the premise, it's a bi-conditional since it's saying that 'propaganda' is nothing more than X. That would mean "if propaganda, then X" as well as "if X, then propaganda").

    Skill tested: Sufficient Assumption · how this choice captures the argument's function is the move to repeat next time.

  5. Relative vs. Absolute11% picked this

    is very successful in influencing people’s

    Were we told that "Propaganda is very successful at influencing people's behavior"? No, we were only told that it is much more successful than education. We could say that the 80th ranked golf player in the world is much more successful than the 200th ranked golf player in the world, but that doesn't mean that the 80th ranked golf player is very successful. "more successful" = relative language "very successful" = absolute language

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