Logical Reasoning

PT6 · S3 · Q15 Twenty years ago the Republic

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Twenty years ago the Republic of Rosinia produced nearly 100 million tons of potatoes, but last year the harvest barely reached 60 million tons.

Conclusion

Agricultural researchers are to blame for this decrease (potato harvest).

Evidence (since)

Twenty years ago the Republic of Rosinia produced nearly 100 million tons of potatoes, but last year the harvest barely reached 60 million tons.

Agricultural researchers failed to develop new higher-yielding strains of potatoes.

They (agricultural researchers) have been concerned only with their own research and not with the needs of Rosinia.

Evaluate

When we see change over time on the LSAT, chances are high that we're going to be tested on the idea of the causal difference maker: what caused that change over time. Typically, the conclusion will posit one causal difference maker, and it's our job to assess how plausible that is. In this argument, the change is a dramatic decrease in the potato harvest over the period of 20 years. The conclusion posits that Ag researchers are to blame for not developing higher-yielding strains. But why would we need new, higher-yielding strains if we already had strains that could produce 100 million tons back in the day?

Goal

Look for an answer that rules out an alternative causal difference maker, or an answer that defends against our objection that we already have strains that should be sufficient to produce the big yields of years past. Since Necessary Assumption questions aren't always that predictable, read each answer with an open mind and beware answers that are too strong.

15.

Which one of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?

  1. Any current attempts by agricultural

    Too Strong: any / futile

    We're trying to prove that the ag researchers are at fault for the decreased harvest over the last 20 years. Whatever they're currently attempting isn't relevant, because we're trying to explain what happened over a different time frame. "Any" and "futile" are also big red flags.

    10% picked this

  2. Correct

    Strains of potatoes most commonly

    Why this is right

    We love "ruling out" language on Necessary Assumption questions because it typically indicates a defender assumption. This answer rules out the possibility that we could have matched the old harvest with the existing strains, which defends against the objection we came up with in our stimulus evaluation. If you didn't make this prediction, you could test this answer by negating it. If the existing strains could have produced the yields they once did, then why are we blaming the ag researchers? The argument crumbles if this answer isn't true, which tells us for sure that it's correct.

    Skill tested: Necessary Assumption · how this choice captures the argument's function is the move to repeat next time.

    67% picked this

  3. Agricultural researchers often find concrete

    Out of Scope:

    Basically everything in this answer is out of scope: concrete solutions, practical problems, seemingly unrelated questions. There's no reason our argument would hinge on assuming anything about these concepts.

    7% picked this

  4. Wide fluctuations in the size

    Weakener (if anything)

    If anything, this weakens the argument by providing an alternative causal difference maker, albeit a pretty lame one. "Hey, stuff happens! Potato harvests just fluctuate."

    13% picked this

  5. Agricultural research in Rosinia is

    Out of Scope: funding

    We don't need to assume anything about funding in order to conclude that the blame lies with the ag researchers.

    4% picked this

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