Logical ReasoningDifficulty: Easy

PT148 S1 Q8 Explanation

For a species of large abalone

A free, expert breakdown of this official LSAT Logical Reasoning question.

TopicsParadox

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Stimulus

For a species of large abalone shellfish to develop from a species of smaller ones, they must spend less energy on finding food and avoiding predators, and more on competition in mating. So it is surprising that the fossil record shows that a species of large abalones developed from a began to dominate the waters in which the abalones lived.

What this question is testing

Paradox

Your task

Break the argument into its conclusion and evidence, then do exactly what the question stem asks with that structure.

Common trap

Answers that sound relevant to the topic but don't connect to the argument's actual reasoning.

Winning move

Predict what a right answer must do, then test each choice against the conclusion-evidence gap.

Reading along? Open the full official question in LawHub — we show a fragment here and keep the reasoning in our own words.

The question
8.

Which one of the following, if true, most helps to resolve the apparent discrepancy in

Answer choices

  1. Unrelated to Goal2% picked this

    Otters and abalones also compete for the same types of food and so are drawn

    This isn't connecting the arrival of the otters to a change in the abalone species in regards to ... - less energy on finding food - less energy avoiding predators - more energy competing for mates

  2. Unrelated to Goal2% picked this

    The fossils that were studied showed the development of only one of the two species of large

    This isn't connecting the arrival of the otters to a change in the abalone species in regards to ... - less energy on finding food - less energy avoiding predators - more energy competing for mates We don't care whether this large abalone species we're trying to explain is one of only two large abalone species or one of a thousand.

  3. Correct85% picked this

    Otters also prey on the abalones' competitors for food and so indirectly make it easier for

    Why this is right

    This certainly doesn't fully explain how larger abalones developed, but it helps to resolve the confusion. It connects the ascendancy of the otters to one of the three changes that go along with the development of larger abalone: - less energy on finding food - less energy avoiding predators - more energy competing for mates It says that otters indirectly make it easier for abalones to get food.

    Skill tested: Paradox · how this choice captures the argument's function is the move to repeat next time.

  4. Unrelated to Goal4% picked this

    Small abalone species tend to reproduce more rapidly than larger

    This isn't connecting the arrival of the otters to a change in the abalone species in regards to ... - less energy on finding food - less energy avoiding predators - more energy competing for mates

  5. Cheats a Background Fact7% picked this

    Otters have a preference for large abalones over small ones and so prefer waters in which

    This answer provides a potential story in which large abalone develop and then otters move in, because they love those big abalones more than the small ones. But we were told that the species of large abalone developed from a smaller one only after otters moved in and began to dominate. Otter moved into these waters. There were only small abalones when the otters moved in. The otters began to dominate. They prey on abalones. Yet, somehow a species of larger abalone developed. This answer isn't helping us with that mysterious final fact at all.

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