Logical ReasoningDifficulty: Easy

PT146 S3 Q2 Explanation

An unstable climate was probably

A free, expert breakdown of this official LSAT Logical Reasoning question.

TopicsStrengthen

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Stimulus

An unstable climate was probably a major cause of the fall of the Roman empire. Tree-ring analysis shows that Europe’s climate underwent extreme fluctuations between 250 A.D. and 550 A.D., a period that encompasses Rome’s decline and fall. This highly made the empire harder to rule and defend.

What this question is testing

Strengthen

Your task

Find the choice that makes the argument's conclusion more likely to be true.

Common trap

Answers that are consistent with the argument but add no real support, or that strengthen a claim the argument doesn't make.

Winning move

Locate the gap between evidence and conclusion, then pick the choice that closes it.

Reading along? Open the full official question in LawHub — we show a fragment here and keep the reasoning in our own words.

The question
2.

Which one of the following, if true, most strengthens

Answer choices

  1. Weakens4% picked this

    Political failures within the Roman empire during its last years led to conflicts that

    This suggests that the causal relationship is reversed. It suggests the fall of the Roman empire was responsible for a decline in agricultural production—something the argument attributed to climatic instability.

  2. Weakens9% picked this

    The areas of the Roman empire that had the greatest climatic instability between 250 A.D. and 550 A.D. did not experience unusual

    This undermines the correlation between the climate and the stability of the Roman empire.

  3. Weakens4% picked this

    Poor farming practices led to depleted soil in many parts of Europe during the last years

    This undermines the argument by providing an alternative cause of the poor agricultural production experienced during the fall of the Roman empire.

  4. Correct82% picked this

    During periods when the Roman empire was thriving, Europe consistently experienced weather that was

    Why this is right

    This strengthens the correlation between the climate and the stability of the Roman empire.

    Skill tested: Strengthen · how this choice captures the argument's function is the move to repeat next time.

  5. Weakens1% picked this

    Total food production in Europe was likely greater in the years around 550 A.D. than in the

    The argument correlates a decline in food production caused by climatic instability with the fall of the Roman empire between 250 A.D. and 550 A.D. This would suggest that food production increased during the fall of the Roman empire.

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