Logical Reasoning

PT135 · S1 · Q18 Zoologist: Every domesticated large mammal

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Zoologist: Every domesticated large mammal species now in existence was domesticated thousands of years ago.

Conclusion

Most wild large mammals today would either be difficult to domesticate or not worth domesticating.

Evidence

Every domesticated large mammal today was domesticated thousands of years ago. Since that time, people have tried tons of times to domesticate any of the wild large mammals that seemed worth domesticating.

Evaluate

It's pretty hard to disagree with this conclusion. Since people have looked at all the wild large mammals, filtered out the ones that are worth domesticating, and then tried tons of times to domesticate to domesticate each of those, it seems like whichever wild large mammals are left wild were either initially given up on because they didn't seem worth domesticating or were eventually given up on because they weren't able to domesticate them.

In order to fight this conclusion, we'd need a way to argue that most wild large mammals nowadays would be worth domesticating and not-difficult to domesticate. (Seems hard to think of an objection that would allow us to argue that)

Goal

Because the premise is about thousands of years ago but the conclusion is about "now", we're probably looking for an answer that says the author is assuming that what was true in the past is still true today.

18.

The zoologist's argument requires the assumption that

  1. in spite of the difficulties

    Too Strong

    We know that they've tried to domesticate each wild large mammal that seemed worth domesticating, but the author doesn't have to assume that people have tried to domesticate every single wild large mammal species.

    21% picked this

  2. Correct

    it is not much easier

    Why this is right

    On Necessary Assumption, we know that ruling out language like "not" is often found in correct answers, so when we see it, we slow down and negate the answer to see if that turns the idea into an Objection. If we were to say that "it is much easier today to domesticate wild large mammal species than it was in the past", does that sound like an Objection? Sure! It sounds like we can't trust that species that were too difficult for humans to domesticate thousands of years ago shouldn't automatically be assumed to be too difficult for modern humans to domesticate. This would hurt the author's assumption that "was true of the past is still true now". If you're picky like me, you might hate this correct answer because the evidence says "Since that time ... we've tried innumerable times to domesticate all the ones that seemed worth it". To me, that language doesn't clearly define a past vs. present. It sounds more like over the last few thousand years we have been continually trying innumerable times, and thus it makes little sense to act like the author was saying "We tried a few thousand years ago and it was hard, so it would still be hard". It sounds more like "We've been continually trying for a few thousand years and it's been hard." But the fact remains that this answer is the best available, since on Necessary Assumption we're going by the standard of "Which answer, if negated, most weakens". Suggesting a big disparity between how difficult it was then vs. how difficult it is now is still the best objection available in these answer choices.

    Skill tested: Necessary Assumption · how this choice captures the argument's function is the move to repeat next time.

    62% picked this

  3. not all of the large

    Out of Scope: extinctions

    This is saying the author is assuming that some of the large mammals we domesticated have since gone extinct. Why does the author need to assume that?

    5% picked this

  4. the easier it is to

    Too Strong

    These "stepladder" ideas are incredibly extreme. Does the author have to assume that any time you go 2 more units of ease of domestication, you get 2 more units of worthwhileness? Of course not. This answer only sounds appealing because it's taking two keywords from the argument and acting like they need to have a special relationship. The author was merely saying that if a large mammal is still wild, it would be for at least one of two reasons: it's not easy or it's not worthwhile to domesticate. Those two reasons don't have to be inextricably mathematically bound to each other.

    7% picked this

  5. of all the domesticated large

    Too Strong

    The author doesn't need it to be true that humans started by domesticating the #1 easiest-to-domesticate large mammal. It wouldn't change her argument at all if they started with the #2 easiest. It's likely that old humans started with the #1 most available large mammal that was easy-enough to domesticate.

    5% picked this

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