Although many political candidates

Answer choices

1. A

   Bad Conclusion + Premise Match0% picked this

   Although many people dislike physical exercise, they should exercise because it is a good way to

   The conclusion is a prescriptive claim, "people should exercise", which is not the same as the original conclusion's causal claim, "Y actually helps to achieve X". Also, the evidence is not a correlation but instead an actual causal claim that "Y is a good way to improve X".

   0%
2. B

   Correct95% picked this

   Although many actors dislike harsh reviews of their work, such reviews actually help their careers because most of the really prestigious acting awards have

   Why this is right

   Close enough. It has this gist: Since most award-winners have had bad reviews, it must be that bad reviews help them to be award-winners. Is it also vulnerable to objections of Reverse Causality? Maybe a bit. We could definitely say that famous, successful actors who appear in more high profile projects than lesser-known actors are going to be bigger targets for bad reviews, just as more successful, front-running candidates are going to be bigger targets for attack ads.

   Skill tested: Parallel Flaw · how this choice captures the argument's function is the move to repeat next time.

   95%
3. C

   Weak Premise Match2% picked this

   Although many students dislike studying, it must be a good way to achieve academic success because most students

   This is close. It almost has the right structure. This is what we wanted: Since most X's were Y, it must be that Y helped them to be X. This is what we're getting: Since most studiers were people who passed, it must be that studying helped them pass. i.e. Since most X's were Y, it must be that X helped them to be Y. This is still a flawed structure, but it doesn't match the structure of the original. It also doesn't appeal to a similar type of objection. In the original, we were like, "How could attack ads be helping?" In correct answer B, we were like, "How could negative reviews be helping?" We don't have that same type of reaction here. We would feel sillier asking, "How could studying be helping?"

   2%
4. D

   Weak Conclusion + Premise Match1% picked this

   Although many film critics dislike horror films, such films are bound to be successful because a large number of people

   This conclusion is that "Y is bound to be X", whereas the original was a causal claim that "Y helps something to be X". The original premise was that "most X's were Y", whereas this premise is "a large number of A's want Y".

   1%
5. E

   Bad Conclusion Match1% picked this

   Although many people dislike feeling sleepy as a result of staying up late the previous night, such sleepiness must be acceptable to those who

   The original conclusion was that "Y helps to cause X". This conclusion is that "Y must be acceptable to X."

   1%