Logical ReasoningDifficulty: Hard

PT13 S4 Q21 Explanation

The town of Greenfield recently

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TopicsMost Supported

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Stimulus

The town of Greenfield recently instituted a substantial supplementary tax on all households, whereby each household is taxed in proportion to the volume of the trash that it puts out for trash collectors to pick up, as measured by the number of standard-sized garbage bags put out. In order to reduce the located local commercial recycling center, where such trash is accepted free of charge.

What this question is testing

Most Supported

Your task

Break the argument into its conclusion and evidence, then do exactly what the question stem asks with that structure.

Common trap

Answers that sound relevant to the topic but don't connect to the argument's actual reasoning.

Winning move

Predict what a right answer must do, then test each choice against the conclusion-evidence gap.

Reading along? Open the full official question in LawHub — we show a fragment here and keep the reasoning in our own words.

The question
21.

The supplementary tax provides some financial incentive to Greenfield households to do each of

Answer choices

  1. Supported3% picked this

    sort out recyclable trash thoroughly from their

    This would reduce the volume of trash you set out for collection because it would no longer include your recyclables.

  2. Supported34% picked this

    dump nonrecyclable trash illegally at parks

    This would reduce the volume of trash you set out for collection because you'd be leaving your trash other places instead. This one can be tempting because it's reasonable to think a tax wouldn't intentionally incentivize illegal behavior. But the intent of the tax isn't actually relevant. We're only evaluating whether the tax does or does not reward the behavior.

  3. Supported3% picked this

    compress and nest items of nonrecyclable trash before putting them out

    This would reduce the volume of trash you set out for collection. Volume is a measure of how much space something takes up. Compressing items (e.g. flattening them out or balling them up small) reduces volume. Nesting items (putting a smaller item into a bigger one) also reduces volume. These practices are therefore incentivized.

  4. Correct57% picked this

    deliver recyclable materials to the recycling center instead of passing them on to neighbors who

    Why this is right

    Sure, sending your recyclables to the center would reduce the volume of trash you set out for collection. But so would passing it to neighbors. Because both behaviors would reduce the volume of trash equally, the tax doesn't incentivize one over the other.

    Skill tested: Most Supported · how this choice captures the argument's function is the move to repeat next time.

  5. Supported3% picked this

    buy products without packaging or with recyclable rather than

    This would reduce the volume of trash you set out for collection because it would no longer include packaging trash.

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