Reading ComprehensionDifficulty: Hard

PT127 S4 P4 Q24 Explanation

French Egalitarian Education Reforms

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Passage

During most of the nineteenth century, many French women continued to be educated according to models long established by custom and religious tradition. One recent observer has termed the failure to institute real and lasting educational reform at the end of the eighteenth century a "missed opportunity"—for in spite of the egalitarian in particular attempted to institute educational systems for women that were, to a great extent, egalitarian.

The first of these proposals endeavored to replace the predominantly religious education that women originally received in convents and at home with reformed curricula. More importantly, the proposal insisted that, because education was a common good that should be offered to both sexes, instruction should be available to everyone. By the same continued to define women in terms of their roles in the domestic sphere and as mothers.

That neither proposal was able to envision a system of education that was fully equal for women, and that neither was adopted into law even as such, bespeaks the immensity of the cultural and political obstacles to egalitarian education for women at the time. Nevertheless, the vision of egalitarian educational reform was origin, as doing so allowed them to appropriate the legitimacy conferred by tradition and historical continuity.

What this question is testing

Analogy

Your task

Pin down exactly what the question asks about the passage — a detail, the author's view, the structure, or the main point — before looking at the choices.

Common trap

Answers that restate a true detail from the passage but don't answer the specific question being asked.

Winning move

Anticipate the answer in your own words from the passage, then find the choice that matches that prediction.

Reading along? Open the full official question in LawHub — we show a fragment here and keep the reasoning in our own words.

The question
24.

Suppose that two proposals were put forward by lawmakers concerning housing reform today. Which one of the following pairs of proposals is most closely analogous to the pair

Answer choices

  1. Correct69% picked this

    "Housing should be made available to all" and "Real estate practices

    Why this is right

    We can match the first one, since the first proposal said "since education is a common good, instruction should be available to everyone. We can match the second one, since the second proposal said "equal education for women and men", and we know it was aimed at getting rid of the discriminatory practice of siphoning out women around age 8 to learn domestic stuff.

    Skill tested: Analogy · how this choice captures the passage's function is the move to repeat next time.

  2. Weak 2nd Match5% picked this

    "Housing should be made available to all" and "The quality of housing

    We can match up the first part as we did in choice (A), since they're identical. But there isn't a strong line reference match for improving quality when it comes to the 2nd proposal. Neither "equaled for women and men" nor "coed schools" are an obvious match for "improved quality".

  3. Bad 1st Match6% picked this

    "There should be housing for all who can pay" and "Housing should be

    Although the 2nd proposal's call for "equal education for women and men" matches decently with uniform quality, the 1st proposal doesn't contain anything relating to who can / can't pay for education. In fact, since the 1st proposal calls for public school throughout the country, it seems like it's suggesting education for all, not just for all who can pay.

  4. Weak 1st Match12% picked this

    "The quality of housing should be improved" and "Real estate practices

    The 2nd one works as it does in the correct answer (A), but it's hard to find any keywords that sound like improved quality to match up with the 1st. Even though we probably think of it as an improvement that they were going to have teachers of both sexes, deemphasize the primarily religious education, and make sure women had access to school (until age 8 at least), none of those are synonymous with an "improved quality" of education.

  5. Weak 1st Match7% picked this

    "Low-cost housing should be constructed" and "Housing should be of

    The 2nd ingredient matches fine with the idea of "equal education for women and men", but it's hard to find a good match for "construct low-cost education" in the 1st proposal. We'd have to assume that replacing religious with reformed curricula, or offering education to both sexes, or hiring teachers of both sexes, or establishing public schools for women and men is "constructing low-cost housing". The last ingredient seems the best match, since establishing and constructing are similar. Is calling for low-cost housing similar to calling for public school? Kinda. They're both aimed at the non-rich segment of society. This just seems to lose to (A) because given that (A) had a smattering of proposals, this answer will probably want us to prioritize the headline of each proposal. Building public schools ("low-cost" education) would be done for both boys and girls. But the main reason we're talking about these two proposals is their effect on the education for women, so the part of the first proposal that is most salient to women ("More importantly, ....") is the idea that "school should be offered to girls, too".

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