Logical Reasoning

PT122 · S4 · Q5 Most veterinarians, and especially those

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Most veterinarians, and especially those at university veterinary research centers, have a devoted interest in the biological sciences.

Statements

We have two Most claims about the same group (veterinarians), so we can probably make the Most + Most trait overlap inference.

Most A's are B Most A's are C

inference: some B are C

Most veterinarians have a devoted interest in biological sciences Most veterinarians choose career primarily for love

infer: some people with a devoted interest in biological sciences chose their career primarily for love of animals.

Conditional (among X, there are no Y)

Seriously interested in biological science no prominent and → veterinarians No special love for animals

Evaluate

Does that conditional interact at all with our two Most statements?

Maybe, they both refer to "veterinarians". The conditional talks about prominent veterinarians, but they are still veterinarians. If we contrapose that conditional, here's what we get:

Prominent not devoted do love veterinarian → to biological sciences OR animals

We already know that all veterinarians ARE devoted to biological science and DO love animals, so we don't have to guess which of those "X or Y' options would apply.

Goal

The correct answer to Must Be False almost always contradicts a conditional or contradicts an available inference.

So we might see - This dude's a prominent veterinarian, he's seriously interested in biological science, but doesn't love animals.

or

- nobody both "has a devoted interest in biological sciences" and "chose their profession because they love animals"

5.

If all of the statements above are true, which one of the following CANNOT be true?

  1. Some veterinarians have a greater

    Trap

    Relative vs. Absolute Out of Scope: love for science We only talked about love for animals in an absolute (yes/no) sense. We have no information that can rank more/less love. Also, we only talked about a devoted interest for biological sciences, not a love for it.

    2% picked this

  2. Most veterinarians love animals and

    Very Compatible

    Whether or not we could derive this, we definitely can't contradict it. It sounds very consonant with the ideas discussed - those veterinarians love animals and have an interest in science.

    4% picked this

  3. Correct

    Prominent veterinarians at some veterinary

    Why this is right

    This contradicts the last sentence. According to that sentence, if you are seriously interested in biological science but don't have special love for animals, you are not a prominent veterinarian. Meanwhile, this answer is saying - prominent veterinarian - seriously interested in biological sciences - don't have special love for animals

    Skill tested: Must be False · how this choice captures the argument's function is the move to repeat next time.

    80% picked this

  4. Few veterinarians at university research

    Possible

    When we see "Few X's are Y", we usually think about it better by doing a negative-to-positive translation: Few X's are Y = Most X's are ~Y This is saying: "most vets at university research centers did not choose their profession primarily because they love animals". All we know about most vets at university research centers is that they have a devoted interest in the biological sciences. We don't know what share of them chose their profession primarily out of love for animals. Could be 0%, 51%, 100%. We just don't know.

    9% picked this

  5. Most veterinarians who are not

    Out of Scope: most non-prominent

    We don't know anything about non-prominent veterinarians.

    5% picked this

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