Logical ReasoningDifficulty: Medium

PT121 S1 Q16 Explanation

Most business ethics courses and

A free, expert breakdown of this official LSAT Logical Reasoning question.

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Stimulus

Most business ethics courses and textbooks confine themselves to considering specific cases and principles. For example, students are often given lists of ethical rules for in-class discussion and role-playing. This approach fails to provide a framework thus be changed to include abstract ethical theory.

What this question is testing

Strengthen

Your task

Find the choice that makes the argument's conclusion more likely to be true.

Common trap

Answers that are consistent with the argument but add no real support, or that strengthen a claim the argument doesn't make.

Winning move

Locate the gap between evidence and conclusion, then pick the choice that closes it.

Reading along? Open the full official question in LawHub — we show a fragment here and keep the reasoning in our own words.

The question
16.

Which one of the following, if valid, most helps to justify the

Answer choices

  1. Out of Scope3% picked this

    A moralizing approach that fails to recognize the diversity of the ethical rules in

    Out of Scope: a moralizing approach Out of Scope: diversity of rules It's not clear what "a moralizing approach" is, but it doesn't seem to match anything described. We would probably call the current approach "a pragmatic approach", since they're considering how principles would apply to specific real world cases. The author is suggesting a mix of "pragmatic / theoretical" because she wants to include some of the abstract ethical justification for the principles. But the argument doesn't seem to discuss a 'moralizing approach' or to be concerned about whether or not our approach captures the diversity of ethical rules.

  2. Out of Scope: role-playing1% picked this

    Courses that concentrate mainly on role-playing are undesirable because students must

    Bad news for this answer, we never talked about courses that concentrate mainly on role-playing. The current courses consider specific cases and principles, so that may involve role-playing (students pretending to be certain people within the world of that case study), but we have no way to think that these courses mainly feature that. Good news for this answer, now we all know the plural forms of "persona" is really weird!

  3. Too Weak5% picked this

    People have no obligation to always behave ethically unless they are acquainted with

    If we look at this as conditional logic (since it has "unless"), it's saying this: if you don't learn ? you won't be obliged to abstract ethical always behave ethically theory Okay, it's not nothing. The author is suggesting we include abstract ethical theory and this answer is saying, "if students don't learn it, then they aren't obligated to be ethical in 100% of circumstances". That's actually a very weak idea, though. If you don't learn this, then there is at least one situation in which you're not obligated to behave ethically (this could mean something as dumb as "while brushing your teeth, you're not obligated to behave ethically"). A strong idea would be if and only if you study you will feel a strong abstract ethical theory obligation to behave ethically In other words, this answer doesn't tell us that we have anything to gain by including abstract ethical theory. It tells us that by excluding abstract ethical theory, we won't have people with a permanent obligation to behave ethically. But since that seems like such an extreme, far-fetched standard, it doesn't really feel like we're losing anything. Did we ever have a chance at shaping people who would feel obliged to behave ethically in 100% of cases?

  4. Correct74% picked this

    Abstract ethical theory is the most appropriate of any context for

    Why this is right

    This answer has way more to do with the reasoning of the argument than (C) did. (C) seemed to present a reason to potentially agree with the conclusion, but this answer provides the crucial missing link to the reasoning. Premise: current approach fails to provide framework for understanding specific principles Conclusion: (to fix this), we should add abstract ethical theory to the current approach Assumption: abstract ethical theory would provide a framework for understanding specific principles. This answer provides us that missing link, on steroids (the most appropriate framework!) Naturally, the stronger the better on Strengthen / Weaken / Paradox.

    Skill tested: Strengthen · how this choice captures the argument's function is the move to repeat next time.

  5. Out of Scope: wide range18% picked this

    An ethics course should acquaint students with a wide range of specific principles

    We know our author thinks an ethics course should acquaint students with a framework for understanding specific principles, but she didn't say anything about whether it should acquaint students with a wide range of principles.

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