Logical ReasoningDifficulty: Hard

PT117 S3 Q15 Explanation

Seemingly inconsequential changes in sea

A free, expert breakdown of this official LSAT Logical Reasoning question.

TopicsRole

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Stimulus

Seemingly inconsequential changes in sea temperature due to global warming eventually result in declines in fish and seabird populations. A rise of just two degrees prevents the vertical mixing of seawater from different strata. This restricts the availability of upwelling nutrients to phytoplankton. Since of the food chain, the declines are inevitable.

What this question is testing

Role

Your task

Break the argument into its conclusion and evidence, then do exactly what the question stem asks with that structure.

Common trap

Answers that sound relevant to the topic but don't connect to the argument's actual reasoning.

Winning move

Predict what a right answer must do, then test each choice against the conclusion-evidence gap.

Reading along? Open the full official question in LawHub — we show a fragment here and keep the reasoning in our own words.

The question
15.

Which one of the following most accurately describes the role played in the argument by the statement that

Answer choices

  1. Not a Hypothesis2% picked this

    It is a hypothesis supported by the fact that phytoplankton feed

    A hypothesis means a speculative causal explanation for something or a speculative guess about something. It is a fact that zooplankton feed upon phytoplankton. We can't call that a hypothesis.

  2. Wrong Role25% picked this

    It is intended to provide an example of the ways in which the vertical mixing of

    Even if we awkwardly stretched this to potentially be saying something true, it would still not be accurately expressing the role. The fact that zooplankton feed upon phytoplankton is an example of a feeding habit that could be impacted by a disruption to the vertical mixing of seawater. But the role of "zooplankton feed upon phytoplankton" was simply one more step in the causal chain that gets us from warmer sea temperatures to declines in fish and seabird populations.

  3. Correct60% picked this

    It helps show how global temperature changes affect larger sea

    Why this is right

    This identifies the Support role that our claim had = "it helps to show" We would want something resembling the Conclusion to follow that phrase, and the idea of "global temperature changes affecting larger sea animals indirectly" is a pretty good match for what the first sentence is talking about. So this answer just says, "the claim we're asked about helps to show how the first sentence is true", which just means "the claim we're asked about is one of the Premises for the Conclusion in the first sentence".

    Skill tested: Role · how this choice captures the argument's function is the move to repeat next time.

  4. Bad Conclusion Match1% picked this

    It is offered as one reason that global warming must

    The author never said that global warming must be curtailed. There are no prescriptions, recommendations, or any other normative language in here. The argument just identifies and then explain a cause/effect relationship.

  5. Bad Conclusion Match13% picked this

    It is offered in support of the idea that global warming poses a threat

    The author never said that global warming poses a threat to all organisms. The conclusion only indicates that global warming poses a threat to fish and seabird populations.

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