Cognitive psychologist: The majority of skilled

Answer choices

1. A

   Unrelated to Goal25% picked this

   Most skilled artists are good at

   This answer doesn't mention "famous" people, so it's useless to us. Since the argument never mentions any famous people, this correct answer needs to. Furthermore, this answer is just providing a derivable inference, i.e. it's just telling us something we already know. Most skilled artists are Very Creative + Very Creative ? Good at abstract reasoning ----------------------------------------------------------- Most skilled artists are Good at abstract reasoning We would never pick an answer on Sufficient Assumption that tells us something we already know. We're looking for a new, additional fact or rule that can add on to the existing evidence and allow us to derive the conclusion. There's no way this recipe of claims: Most skilled artists are good at abstract reasoning Most skilled artists are

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2. B

   Unrelated to Goal6% picked this

   Most people who are very creative are

   This answer doesn't mention "famous" people, so it's useless to us. Since the argument never mentions any famous people, this correct answer needs to. This answer + the evidence would give us these claims to work with: Most very-creative are skilled artists Most skilled artists are very-creative All very-creative are good at abstract reasoning Some skilled artists are not famous There's no way from those claims we could derive that "some people good at abstract reasoning are famous", because that set of facts has not mentioned anything about famous people. (Reminder: being told that Some A's are ~B does not allow us to think that Some A's are B, and vice versa)

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3. C

   Unrelated to Goal13% picked this

   Some skilled artists are not

   This answer doesn't mention "famous" people, so it's useless to us. Since the argument never mentions any famous people, this correct answer needs to. Furthermore, this answer just repeats something we were already told. The claim "not all skilled artists are famous" means nothing more and nothing less than "some skilled artists are not famous". We would never pick an answer on Sufficient Assumption that tells us something we already know. We're looking for a new, additional fact or rule that can add on to the existing evidence and allow us to derive the conclusion.

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4. D

   Unrelated to Goal7% picked this

   All people who are good at abstract reasoning are

   This answer doesn't mention "famous" people, so it's useless to us. Since the argument never mentions any famous people, this correct answer needs to. This answer + the evidence would give us these claims to work with: All good at abstract reasoning are very-creative All very-creative are good at abstract reasoning Most skilled artists are very-creative Some skilled artists are not famous There's no way from those claims we could derive that "some people good at abstract reasoning are famous", because that set of facts has not mentioned anything about famous people.

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5. E

   Correct50% picked this

   Most skilled artists are

   Why this is right

   Well, even if we were confused about how this one works, it's the only eligible answer choice because it's the only answer choice that provided any fact about "famous people". How does it allow us to prove that some people good at abstract reasoning are famous? Well, the two premises combine to give us this: Most skilled artists are Very Creative + Very Creative ? Good at Abstract Reasoning ------------------------------------------------------------ Most SA's are Good at Abstract Reasoning If we know that most skilled artists are good at Abstract Reasoning and most skilled artists are famous then we can derive that "Good at Abstract Reasoning" and "Famous" have to overlap. There has to be at least one thing who is both. This is the famous Most + Most quantity overlap inference we learn: Most A's are B + Most A's are C -------------------------- Some B's are C (Some C's are B) This is a formula we should have memorized. Here's why it works. Suppose we say, Most of my friends are right handed. Most of my friends are basketball fans. Does there have to be a right-handed basketball fan in the group? Yes. Let's assign numbers to show why. Suppose I have 9 friends. The minimum to qualify as "most" would be 5. So if most of them are right handed, that's 5 righties, 4 lefties If most of them like basketball, that's 5 basketball fans, and 4 non-basketball fans Is it possible for right-handed and basketball-fan to never overlap? Nope. I could make 4 of the 5 basketball fans left-handed (because there are 4 lefties), but the other one is going to overflow into the right-handed column.

   Skill tested: Sufficient Assumption · how this choice captures the argument's function is the move to repeat next time.

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