Sociologist: Climate and geology determine

Answer choices

1. A

   Too Strong: primary8% picked this

   Climate is the primary cause of

   Climate is definitely identified as a cause of migration, but there's no way to rank it against other causes of migration, to say that it's the #1 cause.

   8%
2. B

   Too Strong: all7% picked this

   All shifts in climate produce a net gain in

   We can't prove/support that 100% of climate shifts have produced a net gain in human progress. What an incredibly strong claim that is! First of all, we're only told that drastic climate shifts can result in intermingling of ideas, which is necessary to a rapidly advancing civilization (picking this answer would assume that rapid advances in civilization are always net gains to human progress). We don't know if non-drastic shifts produce any effect at all. And when there is a drastic shift, we only know that intermingling of ideas is happening. The text doesn't say "if there is intermingling, there are rapid advances". Intermingling is necessary, not sufficient.

   7%
3. C

   Correct59% picked this

   A population remains settled only where the climate is

   Why this is right

   This weirdly doesn't combine any ideas. It's just the contrapositive of one of the relationship we were given. We were given: drastic shift in ? migration climate The contrapositive would be: no migration ? no drastic shift in climate This answer is saying: population settled ? climate fairly stable Population settled = not migrating Climate fairly stable = not drastically changing

   Skill tested: Most Supported · how this choice captures the argument's function is the move to repeat next time.

   59%
4. D

   Too Strong10% picked this

   Populations settle in every place where human industry can

   Can we derive from the paragraph the conditional idea we're being offered here? If human industry can ? a population will be established somewhere settle there This is a strong idea saying that a population of humans will settle in every single habitable area. But we weren't told that. We were told that climate and geology affect where humans can establish industry. We're never told that anywhere industry can be established it will be established.

   10%
5. E

   Reversed Logic Too Strong16% picked this

   Every migration is accompanied by rapid advances

   Every migration is accompanied by intermingling of ideas, and intermingling of ideas creates the chance of rapid advances. But it doesn't guarantee there will be rapid advances. Suppose we said: Studying hard for LSAT brings about the 165+ LSAT score necessary for admittance into Harvard. Would we be able to say (as this answer choice did) Every person who studies hard is admitted to Harvard Of course not. Studying brought about the 165+ score, but the 165 + score is just a requirement of getting into Harvard, not a guarantee you will. This answer choice is trying to make this chain: Migration ? Intermingling ? Rapid advances of ideas in civilization But what we had was this: Migration ? Intermingling of ideas Rapid advances ? Intermingling in civilization of ideas This answer is trying to bait people into reading this last idea backwards.

   16%