Logical ReasoningDifficulty: Easy

PT151 S3 Q4 ExplanationThere are only two possible reasons

A free, expert breakdown of this official LSAT Logical Reasoning question.

TopicsSufficient Assumption

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Stimulus

There are only two possible reasons that it would be wrong to engage in an activity that causes pollution: because pollution harms ecosystems, which are valuable in themselves; or, ecosystems aside, because pollution harms human populations. Either way, it would not be wrong to perform mining operations on Mars. Although doing so be completely protected from the Martian environment and would suffer no harm.

What this question is testing

Sufficient Assumption

Your task

Find the assumption that, if added, guarantees the conclusion follows.

Common trap

Answers that only partly bridge the gap, leaving the conclusion unproven.

Winning move

Identify the new term in the conclusion and pick the choice that links it to the evidence.

Reading along? Open the full official question in LawHub — we show a fragment here and keep the reasoning in our own words.

The question
4.

The conclusion drawn above follows logically if which one of the following

Answer choices, explained

  1. Unrelated to Goal2% picked this

    Mining creates less pollution than many other

    We need to be convinced that mining operations on Mars would not harm ecosystems. This doesn't mention ecosystems at all.

  2. Correct93% picked this

    There are no ecosystems on

    Why this is right

    We need to be convinced that mining operations on Mars would not harm ecosystems. This answer successfully does so. If there are no ecosystems on Mars, then there's no way we could harm an ecosystem by mining there.

    Skill tested: Sufficient Assumption · how this choice captures the argument's function is the move to repeat next time.

  3. Unrelated to Goal2% picked this

    The economic benefits of mining on Mars would outweigh

    We need to be convinced that mining operations on Mars would not harm ecosystems. This doesn't mention ecosystems at all.

  4. Unrelated to Goal2% picked this

    It is technologically feasible to perform mining operations

    We need to be convinced that mining operations on Mars would not harm ecosystems. This doesn't mention ecosystems at all.

  5. Unrelated to Goal0% picked this

    The more complex an ecosystem is, the more valuable

    We need to be convinced that mining operations on Mars would not harm ecosystems. This answer provides a relationship between the value and complexity of an ecosystem, but it doesn't do anything to let us know whether pollution from mining operations on Mars would harm any Martian ecosystems.

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