Each new car in the lot

Answer choices

1. A

   Reversed Conclusion14% picked this

   Each apartment above the fourth floor of the building has more than two bedrooms. But all apartments below the fourth floor have fewer than

   Given these premises ... Above 4th → more than 2 bedrooms Below 4th → fewer than 2 bedrooms ... the trigger for the conclusion should be contradicting both outcomes. The only idea that contradicts both is "exactly 2 bedrooms". It's not more than 2, it's not fewer than 2. And the outcome for the conclusion should be contradicting both triggers, which would be "4th floor". So the proper conclusion would be "if exactly 2 bedrooms, then 4th floor". Instead, we get the reversal: "if 4th floor, exactly 2 bedrooms"

   14%
2. B

   Bad Conclusion Match13% picked this

   Each apartment above the fourth floor of the building has two or three bedrooms. But no apartment below the fourth floor has more than

   Given these premises ... Above 4th → 2 or 3 bedrooms Below 4th → not more than 2 bedrooms ... the trigger for the conclusion should be contradicting both outcomes. The only idea that contradicts "2 or 3" and "not more than 2" would be 0 or 1. If it's 0 or 1 bedrooms, then it's not 2 or 3 and it's not more than 2. And the outcome for the conclusion should be contradicting both triggers, which would be "4th floor". So the proper conclusion would be "if exactly 1 or none bedrooms, then 4th floor". Instead, we get: "if 3 bedrooms, then 4th or higher"

   13%
3. C

   Correct50% picked this

   No apartment above the fourth floor of the building has fewer than three bedrooms. But all apartments below the fourth floor have fewer than

   Why this is right

   Given these premises ... Above 4th → 3 or more bedrooms Below 4th → fewer than 2 bedrooms ... the trigger for the conclusion should be contradicting both outcomes. The idea that contradicts both is "exactly 2 bedrooms". If there are exactly 2, then there aren't 3 or more and there aren't fewer than 2. And the outcome for the conclusion should be contradicting both triggers, which would be "4th floor". So the proper conclusion would be "if exactly 2 bedrooms, then 4th floor". And that's the conclusion we get!

   Skill tested: Parallel · how this choice captures the argument's function is the move to repeat next time.

   50%
4. D

   Bad Conclusion Match11% picked this

   No apartment above the fourth floor of the building has more than two bedrooms. But only three-bedroom apartments have balconies. Thus, if any apartment

   Given these premises ... Above 4th → 2 or fewer bedrooms Balcony → 3 bedrooms ... the trigger for the conclusion should be contradicting both outcomes. The only idea that contradicts both is "4 or more bedrooms". If it's got 4 or more, then it isn't 2 or fewer and it isn't a 3 bedroom. The outcome for the conclusion should be contradicting both triggers, which would be "4th floor or below without a balcony". So the proper conclusion would be "if an apartment on the 4th floor or lower lacks a balcony, then it has 4 or more bedrooms". Instead, we get "if balcony, then 4th or lower"

   11%
5. E

   Bad Premise Match13% picked this

   Each apartment above the fourth floor of the building has more than two bedrooms. The building has no vacant apartments on or below the

   Given these premises ... Above 4th → more than 2 bedrooms 4th or lower → not vacant ... the trigger for the conclusion should be contradicting both outcomes, but this would be a weird blend of ideas that aren't quantitatively related, like all the other options were. The only idea that contradicts both is "1 or 0 bedrooms and occupied". And the outcome for the conclusion should be contradicting both triggers, which is impossible. The two triggers (above 4) and (4 or lower) account for all possible numbers. So it would be impossible to derive a conclusion like that of the original.

   13%