Logical Reasoning

PT144 · S3 · Q19 Juarez thinks that

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Juarez thinks that the sales proposal will be rejected by the committee if it is not rewritten before they see it.

Evidence

Juarez thinks that the ~W → R sales proposal will be rejected by the committee if it is not rewritten before they see it.

Juarez’s opinion is very reliable on such matters.

The proposal will not be ~W rewritten.

Conclusion

Thus, it will probably be R rejected by the committee.

Evaluate

This argument relies on a conditional rule that someone believes to be true. It supports that rule by testifying to the credibility of the person who believes it to be true. Next it asserts the sufficient condition of the rule is true. Finally, it concludes that the necessary condition is therefore likely to be true.

19.

The reasoning in which one of the following arguments is most similar to the reasoning in the argument above?

  1. A leading science journal has

    Evidence

    A leading science journal A has concluded that data provided by the manufacturer of a certain controversial new medication are accurate. The journal is generally reliable on such matters. If the company’s data A → S are accurate, the medication must be safe. Thus, the medication is S probably safe. The “if/then” rule should be the premise that is believed to be true. Instead the belief is the first premise that the data provided by the manufacturer are accurate.

    17% picked this

  2. The data from the manufacturer

    Wrong Structure

    The leading science journal ~PS → ~CS would not have done so [concluded that the medication is safe], had the manufacturer’s data not proven that the medication is safe. A leading science journal CS has concluded that the medication is safe. The data from the PS manufacturer of a controversial new medication prove that the medication is safe. The “if/then” rule should be the premise that is believed to be true. Instead the belief is the first premise that the data provided by the manufacturer are accurate.

    2% picked this

  3. Correct

    A leading science journal states

    Why this is right

    A leading science journal A → S states that a certain controversial new medication is safe if the data provided by the company that developed the drug are accurate. The science journal is rarely wrong about such matters. The company’s data are A accurate. Thus, the medication is S probably safe. This argument relies on a conditional rule that a science journal believes to be true. It supports the rule by testifying to the credibility of the science journal. Next, it asserts the sufficient condition of the rule is true. Finally, it concludes that the necessary condition is therefore likely to be true.

    Skill tested: Parallel · how this choice captures the argument's function is the move to repeat next time.

    66% picked this

  4. A leading science journal states

    Wrong Structure

    If they [the manufacturer’s A → S data] are accurate, the medication is safe. The science journal is fairly reliable on such matters. A leading science journal A states that the data provided by the manufacturer of a controversial new medication are probably accurate. Thus, the manufacturer’s A data are probably accurate. The “if/then” rule should be the premise that is believed to be true. Instead the belief is the third premise that the data provided by the manufacturer are probably accurate

    9% picked this

  5. The data from the manufacturer

    Wrong Structure

    A leading science journal has published the data and has concluded that the data are probably accurate. Moreover, the journal is fairly reliable on such matters. The data from the manufacturer of a controversial new medication are probably accurate. This argument does not include an “if/then” statement.

    5% picked this

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