Logical Reasoning

PT142 · S2 · Q2 Since there is no survival value

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Since there is no survival value in an animal's having an organ that is able to function when all its other organs have broken down to such a degree that the animal dies, it is a result of the efficiency of natural selection that no organ is likely to evolve in such a way that it greatly outlasts the body's other organs.

Evidence

There is no survival value in an animal’s having an organ that is able to function when all its other organs have broken down to such a degree that the animal dies.

Conclusion

It is a result of the efficiency of natural selection that no organ is likely to evolve in such a way that it greatly outlasts the body’s other organs.

Evaluate

The principle illustrated is that if there is no advantage to a whole for any of its parts to outlive the others, then the whole will evolve in such a way that no part will outlive the whole.

2.

Of the following, which one illustrates a principle that is most similar to the principle illustrated by the passage?

  1. A store in a lower-income

    Wrong Conclusion

    According to the principle, the higher-priced goods would never be stocked.

    1% picked this

  2. The body of an animal

    Out of Scope

    There is value provided by the animal’s organ, whereas in the passage there is no value in outlasting other organs.

    1% picked this

  3. One car model produced by

    Wrong Evidence / Wrong Conclusion

    The car model has value and is manufactured.

    2% picked this

  4. Athletes occasionally overdevelop some parts

    Wrong Relationship

    This presents a side effect of overdeveloping parts of one’s body. This doesn’t say that there is no value in overdeveloping parts of one’s body, nor does it say that it therefore doesn’t happen.

    3% picked this

  5. Correct

    Automotive engineers find that it

    Why this is right

    Since manufacturing such a part offers no increase in the value of the overall quality of the automobile, such parts are not manufactured.

    Skill tested: Principle-Conform · how this choice captures the argument's function is the move to repeat next time.

    93% picked this

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