Reading ComprehensionDifficulty: Hard

PT140 S4 P4 Q20 Explanation

Explaining Mirror Images

A free, expert breakdown of this official LSAT Reading Comprehension question.

TopicsMain PointScience

Keep going in LSAT Lab

  • Save & drill this skill build targeted practice sets from questions like this one

  • Video walkthroughs watch every question solved step by step

  • 81 official LSATs as questions, timed sections & full-length tests

Full official LSAT questions are available through LawHub. This page provides LSAT Lab's explanation, strategy, and review tools without republishing the full official question.

Passage

Physicists are often asked why the image of an object, such as a chair, appears reversed left-to-right rather than, say, top-to-bottom when viewed in a mirror. Their answer is simply that an image viewed in a mirror appears reversed about the axis around which the viewer rotates his or her field of sight about a vertical axis, mirror images usually appear reversed left-to-right. This is the field-of-sight explanation.

However, some physicists offer a completely different explanation of what mirrors “do,” suggesting that mirrors actually reverse things front-to-back. If we place a chair in front of a mirror we can envision how its reflected image will appear by imagining another chair in the space “inside” the mirror. The resulting reflection is explanation treats it as though it were as real and three dimensional as the original chair.

This explanation appeals strongly to many people, however, because it is quite successful at explaining what a mirror does—to a point. It seems natural because we are accustomed to dealing with our mental constructs of objects rather than with the primary sense perceptions on which those constructs are based. In general, we our eyes; rather, we look into them, with our focal lengths adjusted into the imagined space.

In addition to its intuitive appeal, the front-to-back explanation is motivated in part by the traditional desire in science to separate the observer from the phenomenon. Scientists like to think that what mirrors do should be explainable without reference to what the observer does (e.g., rotating a field of sight). However, questions longer addressing images and appearances, because an image entails an observer and a point of view.

What this question is testing

Main Point

Your task

Capture the passage's overall primary point — the claim everything else supports.

Common trap

Answers that are true but too narrow (a single paragraph) or too broad (beyond the passage's scope).

Winning move

Summarize the whole passage in one sentence first, then match it to a choice.

Reading along? Open the full official question in LawHub — we show a fragment here and keep the reasoning in our own words.

The question
20.

The main point of the passage is that an adequate explanation of

Answer choices

  1. Correct58% picked this

    must include two particular

    Why this is right

    This is a silly answer, in terms of how unnecessarily vague it is, but it does match up with the text we need it to match up with: what mirrors do and what happens when we look into mirrors Questions about mirrors can only be adequately addressed if we consider both 1) and 2)

    Skill tested: Main Point · how this choice captures the passage's function is the move to repeat next time.

  2. Out of Scope5% picked this

    has yet to be

    Out of Scope: yet to be determined The author never officially endorses the field of sight explanation, but she never pushes back on it, so it's she is implicitly accepting it. The first sentence says "Physicists are often asked X. Their answer is simply Y." This presentation suggests that Y is the standard, accepted answer to the question. The second paragraph is saying "some physicists offer a completely different explanation". This quantifier makes this position seem more like the fringe position. And it is this explanation that our author is ultimately writing this passage for. She is expressing her displeasure with this alternative explanation, since it leaves out the observer. The field of sight explanation includes an appreciation of the observer, so we have no reason to think the author is dismayed by the field of sight explanation. And since it's presented as the more default, accepted answer provided by "Physicists", the author might be thinking, "THIS explanation is fine. THIS OTHER one called front-to-back is whack."

  3. Too Strong: must be2% picked this

    must be determined by

    We don't have any support for the idea that the author thinks that an adequate explanation of mirrors has to be done by a physicist. Someone who specializes in optics or metals or geometry might be equally qualified to provide an adequate explanation.

  4. Wrong Emphasis29% picked this

    is still subject to

    The author would agree that an adequate explanation is still subject to debate, since she presents a debate of alternate explanations. However, her main point is not that "an adequate explanation is still up for debate". She had a more targeted purpose (we used a Challenge Position framework), so that needs to be expressed in the Main Point. Her Main Point is essentially "this other explanation being debated is wrong / bad / inadequate." To pick an answer saying that the main point is "the explanation is still up for debate" insinuates that the author presented this topic in a detached way with no specific preference for which side is right.

  5. Too Strong: extremely complicated7% picked this

    is extremely

    We're trying to match our answer choice with "what mirrors do and what happens when we look into mirrors", because that is what the author explicitly says is what's needed for a proper/adequate explanation. We have no reason to think that encompassing both of those things the author is requiring is extremely complicated.

Continue the review in LSAT Lab

Save this question, watch the video walkthrough, and drill similar questions in your LSAT Lab account.

LSAT Lab

Turn this review into a targeted study plan.

Save this question, drill more like it, watch the video walkthrough, and track your progress in your LSAT Lab account.

Start practicing free