In a medical study of all of

Answer choices

1. A

   Sampling5% picked this

   generalizes inappropriately from an unrepresentative sample of residents

   The argument is about all residents of Groverhill — the medical study covered the whole population, not a sample. There's no sampling flaw because there's no sampling.

   5%
2. B

   Bad Objection6% picked this

   fails to consider whether any residents of Groverhill visit physicians who are not

   Even if some residents visit out-of-town physicians, that wouldn't produce the 105-consultation figure. The 105 number comes from "those same physicians' records" — i.e., the physicians the residents consulted. So out-of-town visits aren't inflating the consultation count, and pointing them out doesn't expose the argument's flaw.

   6%
3. C

   Correct86% picked this

   overlooks the possibility that residents of Groverhill visited their physicians more than once during the year

   Why this is right

   This is the flaw exactly. The argument treats 105 consultations as 105 different patients, then notes only 35 patients self-reported, and concludes 70 must have forgotten. But if one patient can have multiple consultations for the same condition, then 35 distinct patients could easily account for all 105 visits — with nobody forgetting anything. The argument overlooks this alternative explanation.

   Skill tested: Flaw · how this choice captures the argument's function is the move to repeat next time.

   86%
4. D

   Bad Description1% picked this

   fails to provide any evidence to support the claim that the residents of Groverhill have an unusually high

   The argument doesn't claim Groverhill has unusually high headache rates. It just notes a discrepancy between self-reports and records. The argument doesn't need to support a comparative claim about headache prevalence.

   1%
5. E

   Bad Assumption3% picked this

   takes for granted that every resident of Groverhill who suffers from severe headaches would consult a

   The argument doesn't assume every resident with severe headaches consults a physician. The 35-vs-105 discrepancy is about people who did consult — the argument is silent on those who didn't. Even if some headache sufferers don't see a doctor, the argument's flawed reasoning about the 35 vs. 105 numbers stays the same.

   3%