Students in a first-year

Answer choices

1. A

   Too Strong: “alone”3% picked this

   Readers base their impressions of what is in a newspaper on

   We need a safely worded reinforcement of the Causal Difference-Maker: “headlines can have an effect”, not “ONLY headlines have ANY effect”.

   3%
2. B

   Out of Scope2% picked this

   Newspaper headlines hamper a reader's ability to comprehend the

   Out of Scope: “hamper ability to comprehend” While we seem to know that the headlines had some effect on the readers, since different headlines led to different answers about the articles, we can’t quite say that the headline hampered the ability to comprehend. Perhaps the different headlines still allowed for comprehension, but they emphasized different aspects of the articles, leading to the groups’ having different answers.

   2%
3. C

   Out of Scope Comparison0% picked this

   Careless reading is more common among first-year undergraduates than among more

   Out of Scope Comparison: "more senior students" There’s nothing mentioned about careless reading. And we have no means to judge any comparison between first year and more senior students.

   0%
4. D

   Too Strong1% picked this

   Newspaper headlines tend to be highly

   Too Strong: “tend to” / Out of Scope: “misleading” We wouldn’t be able to generalize anything about how headlines tend to be in the real world, using only this info on this study. Also, we don’t know if either of the headlines were misleading; they may have just emphasized different things.

   1%
5. E

   Correct95% picked this

   Newspaper headlines influence a reader's interpretation of the

   Why this is right

   This safely reinforces the Causal Difference-Maker. Headlines had some effect, some influence on the reader’s interpretation, understanding, or memory of the passage.

   Skill tested: Most Supported · how this choice captures the argument's function is the move to repeat next time.

   95%