Reading Comprehension

PT130 · S2 · P2 · Q9 Philip Emeagwali

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This passage was adapted from articles published in the 1990s.

Topic

Philip Emeagwali’s breakthroughs in computer design by modeling network systems after patterns found in nature.

Framework

Highlight Noteworthy

Main Point

Emeagwali achieved major advances in parallel computing by designing computer systems inspired by natural processes like tree branching and honeycombs, and he believes this nature-inspired approach will shape the future of technology. (Most Valuable Sentence: Appears at the end of the final paragraph—)

P1: Emeagwali’s Early Breakthrough—Parallel Computers Inspired by Nature

In the 1980s, Emeagwali pioneered the use of massively parallel computers that could solve tough problems like modeling oil flow, showing that using lots of computers working together (inspired by nature) was way faster and more effective than traditional supercomputers operating one step at a time.

P2: How Nature’s Structures Inspired an Efficient Solution

To handle extremely complicated calculations needed for oil flow modeling, Emeagwali connected over 65,000 computers via the Internet and used the idea of how trees branch out efficiently to guide how the network shared tasks—showing that copying nature’s branching patterns led to a breakthrough in how parallel computing could work.

P3: Applying Nature’s Patterns Further—Honeycomb Computers and the Future

In 1996, Emeagwali designed a new computer system (this time modeled after the hexagonal structure of bee honeycombs) that he claims could predict weather far into the future. He argues that future discoveries in technology will come from imitating nature’s efficient designs.

9.

According to the passage, which one of the following is true?

  1. Emeagwali's breakthroughs in computer design

    Too Strong: obsolete

    While Emeagwali's breakthroughs in computer design have allowed him to tackle some really complex problems that sequential computers can't handle, the passage is not saying that sequential computers are becoming obsolete. You're reading this explanation on a sequential computer; and I'm typing this explanation on one too. :)

    3% picked this

  2. Emeagwali's first breakthrough in computer

    Too Strong

    Too Strong: first Out of Scope: requested by oil company We know that Emeagwali had a breaktrhough in computer design that related to modeling oil flow. But we don't know if it was his first breakthrough, and we have no idea whether any oil company ever requested that he work on it.

    1% picked this

  3. Correct

    Emeagwali was the first to

    Why this is right

    We would be very scared of the word "first", but we are told in the 1st paragraph that Emeagwali "pioneered the use of massively parallel computers to solve one of the most tricky problems: predicting the flow of oil in oil fields." Whoever pioneered the use of massively parallel computers to solve this unsolvable problem must be the first to do so.

    Skill tested: Locate Detail · how this choice captures the passage's function is the move to repeat next time.

    87% picked this

  4. Emeagwali was the first computer

    Too Strong: first

    While Emeagwali does use nature as a model for some of his parallel computer design, the passage never indicates that he was the first computer scientist to ever use nature as a model for human technology. The only language in the passage supporting Emeagwali being the first to do something is when the 1st paragraph says that he pioneered the use of massively parallel computers.

    3% picked this

  5. Emeagwali was the first to

    Too Strong: first

    This is another answer stressing that Emeagwali was the first person to ever do something. The only line reference in the passage that clarifies that he was the first is when we're told that he pioneered the use of massively parallel computers to predict the flow of oil. While we know he was the first to apply massively parallel processing to solve the specific real-world problem of oil flow, we don't know if he was the first person ever to apply parallel processing to a real-world problem.

    6% picked this

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