Reading Comprehension

PT127 · S4 · P4 · Q22 French Egalitarian Education Reforms

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During most of the nineteenth century, many French women continued to be educated according to models long established by custom and religious tradition.

Central Topic / Purpose

The failure of the French Revolution to institute meaningful educational reform for women / to defend against criticism

Main Point

Even though reforms weren't enacted at the end of the Revolution, two progressive reforms were proposed, and those ultimately were valuable in the eventual reforms that came nearly 100 years later.

Passage Map

P1: Opposing point of view (French Revolution's failure to get real educational reform was a missed opportunity) + Author's Thesis P2: Summary of the two proposed reforms P3: Author's assessment of why they failed to be enacted but what ultimate value they still provided

Other Commentary

The first paragraph has a classic opening paragraph structure: Background / Opposing Point / Author's Pivot. And the last sentence of the first paragraph is pretty much the thesis (most common place to find it). However, we would also want to include the author's takeaways in the 3rd paragraph, that although these reforms couldn't initially break through the strong cultural headwinds, they laid down a precedent that was critical to eventually moving forward a century later.

22.

It can be inferred from the passage that the French legislators who passed new educational laws in the early 1880s were

  1. committed to removing education in

    No Support: removing domestic skills

    Even though we know these legislators are broadly going to be advancing the educational opportunities for women, there's nothing in this window of text that says they're getting rid of "domestic skill education".

    4% picked this

  2. unaware of the difficulties that

    No Support: "unaware"

    We know they're aware of the proposed legislation. We don't know whether or not they're aware of the difficulties it encountered, but presumably they would be. If you found an old proposed piece of legislation similar to what you're currently proposing, you would presumably find out why the last one failed to pass. This answer seems to want to fish people into making an unsupported inference that, "If they're trying to push the same agenda that failed a century ago, they must not realize how difficult it's gonna be".

    1% picked this

  3. Correct

    concerned with improving educational equality

    Why this is right

    There's not great support for this, but it's better than any other choice. We know they were helping educational equality for women by "founding public secondary schools for women" (and compulsory attendance also meant that women couldn't be pulled out of school early to learn domestic stuff at home). The support for better equality across economic strata (i.e. working class, middle class, upper class) is that they proposed "abolishing fees" for education. Fees for schooling would presumably price out some poorer citizens, but if you abolish fees than you help to equalize educational access.

    Skill tested: Inference · how this choice captures the passage's function is the move to repeat next time.

    79% picked this

  4. more open to political compromise

    No Support: "more open to compromise"

    We have no ammunition for making that comparison. This seems to invite the illicit inference that "if THEY were able to get THEIRS passed, then these legislators must have been more willing to compromise". Maybe. But it's at least as likely that the difference between the failure of these reforms to pass the first time and the successful passage 100 years later is simply that the culture had changed over the course of 100 years to be more receptive to / demanding of these reforms.

    14% picked this

  5. more inclined to give religious

    No Support

    No Support: "more inclined to give religion role" We can't judge this comparison, since our snippet of text on the 1880s legislators includes no information about what role religious authorities would / wouldn't be playing.

    2% picked this

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