Ethicist: People who avoid alcoholic

Answer choices

1. A

   Bad Match: consequences / context7% picked this

   Whether behavior should be regarded as praiseworthy is a function of both its consequences and the social context

   The only factors being mentioned in terms of whether a behavior is praiseworthy or not are - can you afford it - do you (or did you) desire it

   7%
2. B

   Bad Match: blame3% picked this

   A person should be blamed for an action only if that action was not motivated by a desire to be virtuous or if the

   These principles have nothing to do with whether or not someone should be "blamed" for something. They are about whether or not someone should be "praised" for something. We wouldn't be able to move from a rule that says, "X should not be blamed" to the idea of "X should be praised". There's a huge middle ground between blame and praise.

   3%
3. C

   Correct79% picked this

   A person is praiseworthy for a particular behavior only if, in order to adopt that behavior, the person at some point had to overcome

   Why this is right

   The "only if" points us to the right side of the arrow, so this rule would look like this: Praiseworthy in order to abstain, person for abstaining ? had to overcome a desire from alcohol to drink alcohol and feels they can afford to drink alcohol The contrapositive is the form that feels more like the principles the ethicist was presenting. you don't feel like you can afford to do X you are not or ? praiseworthy for X you didn't overcome a desire to do X This answer helps to justify each of the two claims the ethicist made.

   Skill tested: Principle-Strengthen · how this choice captures the argument's function is the move to repeat next time.

   79%
4. D

   Bad Conclusion Match No Impact5% picked this

   The extent to which the process of acquiring self-discipline is arduous for a person is affected by that person’s

   This provides what feels like an Inference / Necessary Assumption embedded in the second claim, but this has no power to prove certain people "should not be praised", since it doesn't even include that wording. It also only relates to the second of the ethicist's claims, so it will definitely be beat by the correct answer, which addresses both.

   5%
5. E

   Out of Scope5% picked this

   The apportionment of praise and blame should be commensurate with the arduousness or ease of the lives of those

   Out of Scope: blame / ease of life We don't care about blame, only praise, but technically these answers can't be wrong by saying "too much" (since we're being asked "which answer, if valid, does the most"). The bigger problem is that the ethicist never talks about who easy or difficult a life people are living. The author uses the word "arduous" specifically about "a process in which someone who likes alcohol disciplines themselves to refrain from that desire".

   5%