Logical ReasoningDifficulty: Easy

PT117 S4 Q2 Explanation

Pacifist: It is immoral to

A free, expert breakdown of this official LSAT Logical Reasoning question.

TopicsPrinciple-Strengthen

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Stimulus

Pacifist: It is immoral to do anything that causes harm to another person. But, since using force causes harm to another person, it is also immoral to threaten to a threat is made in self-defense.

What this question is testing

Principle-Strengthen

Your task

Break the argument into its conclusion and evidence, then do exactly what the question stem asks with that structure.

Common trap

Answers that sound relevant to the topic but don't connect to the argument's actual reasoning.

Winning move

Predict what a right answer must do, then test each choice against the conclusion-evidence gap.

Reading along? Open the full official question in LawHub — we show a fragment here and keep the reasoning in our own words.

The question
2.

Which one of the following principles, if valid, would most help to justify

Answer choices

  1. Out of Scope: aggressive Too Weak2% picked this

    Given the potential harm caused by the use of force, the line between use of force in self- defense and the aggressive

    This argument doesn't get into subtypes of use of force, aggressive vs. non-aggressive. And this answer is so weak and wishy-washy ("always vague") that it doesn't sound like the sort of answer we pick on Strengthen, Weaken, Paradox, or Sufficient Assumption. We need to know that a threat can be immoral, and this answer isn't helping us with that at all.

  2. Correct85% picked this

    It is immoral to threaten to do what it is immoral

    Why this is right

    The form, "It is A to be B", is always diagrammed B ? A For example, "It is wrong to lie": Lie ? Wrong So this answer is saying, immoral ? immoral to threaten to do X to do X We know that it's immoral to use force (because force causes harm, which makes it immoral). So we can apply this rule and derive that "it's immoral to threaten to use force".

    Skill tested: Principle-Strengthen · how this choice captures the argument's function is the move to repeat next time.

  3. Out of Scope3% picked this

    It is immoral to do anything that causes more harm

    Out of Scope: more harm than good This provides us with this rule: X causes more ? immoral to harm than good do X We're trying to prove that it's immoral to "threaten to use force". Do we know if "threatening to use force" causes more harm than good? No we don't. Since we don't know if this trigger applies to "threatening to use force", this answer does nothing for us.

  4. Too Weak / Mixed Impact1% picked this

    Whether a threat made in self-defense is immoral depends on

    This is insanely wishy-washy ("It depends ..."), which is the opposite of what we want on Strengthen, Weaken, Paradox, or Sufficient Assumption. This also gives us a way to Weaken the conclusion, since it insinuates that sometimes threats made in self-defense are not immoral, depending on the circumstances. That would contradict the conclusion, which says that threatening to use force is immoral even when done for self-defense.

  5. Bad Evidence/Conclusion Match9% picked this

    It is immoral to carry out a threat if making the threat

    This provides us with this rule: threatening to do ? carrying out threat X is immoral of X is immoral We're trying to prove that it's "immoral to threaten to use force". This rule is putting "immoral to threaten" on the left side, so it's of no use to us. We can only conclude what's on the right side of an arrow. A conditional statement is saying, "If you know the left side is true, then it proves that the right side is also true".

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