Logical Reasoning

PT114 · S1 · Q10 Bernard: For which language, and

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Bernard: For which language, and thus which frequency distribution of letters and letter sequences, was the standard typewriter keyboard designed?

Bernard's Rebuttal Conclusion

The idea of the original typewriter keyboard layout was not to slow down the operator (lest the typebars crash into each other).

Bernard's Evidence

These technological limitations have vanished, yet the keyboard is still laid out that way.

Evaluate

Bernard is assuming that

But as many former or non-practicing Christians can tell you, .

Goal

When we're logically countering someone, we're showing them how their rebuttal premise is compatible with our original position (sometimes we even do some logic judo and show that their rebuttal premise is actually a reason for our original position).

But we can basically prep our brain for the answer choices by saying,

Slowing down typing speed was the reason for the original keyboard layout. Even though we no longer have to worry about typebars running into each other, we've kept that original layout because ... _______

10.

Which one of the following, if true, could be used by Cora to counter Bernard's rejection of her explanation?

  1. Correct

    Typewriters and word-processing equipment are

    Why this is right

    Even though we no longer have to worry about typebars crashing into each other, we're still using that keyboard layout (that was originally designed to slow down people's typing speed) because ... people have gotten so used to that layout that they don't want to learn a new one and will only buy products with this standard layout.

    Skill tested: Weaken · how this choice captures the argument's function is the move to repeat next time.

    53% picked this

  2. Typewriters have been superseded in

    Not Addressing Objection

    Even though we no longer have to worry about typebars crashing into each other, we're still using that keyboard layout (that was originally designed to slow down people's typing speed) because ... nowadays we use computers, and they got their keyboard layout from the one we had from typewriters. Bernard would be like, "Of course I realize that computers are using the same keyboard layout as typewriters did. That's my whole point. Since computers don't have mechanical typebars, we don't have to worry about limiting people's typing speed, so we'd be crazy to keep using a keyboard layout that slows people down. There must be some other reason, Cora, why they originally designed the QWERTY layout the way they did that continues to be an advantage worth preserving in word-processing computer keyboards." If you think of this like a Paradox question, the tension we had in our minds was Given that ... we don't need to slow people's typing down any more, because the technological limitations of typewriters don't exist on electronic keyboards, Why is it that ... we still have the same keyboard layout? The correct answer actually answered this question. It gave us a previously unestablished reason why we would keep the slower layout even though we don't have to worry about the mechanical problem of typing too fast. This incorrect answer choice is just Explaining the Background. It's giving more details on why the technological limitations have vanished (we've moved over to computers / word-processors now). But we need an answer to tell us why they kept the slower layout, not that they kept the slower layout.

    25% picked this

  3. The standard keyboard allows skilled

    Too Wishy-Washy

    This answer starts to have a logical counter — "We kept the old layout because you can actually still go really fast with it (it doesn't limit typing speed that much)", but then it undermines the force of that by saying "although it is hard to get good enough to be fast while using this traditional layout". Bernard would still be asking, "why, then, would we intentionally keep a design that slows you down, unless you train long enough to be fast at it?"

    10% picked this

  4. A person who has learned

    Unclear Impact

    If we thought we'd be asking people to use both QWERTY and some more modern, speed-conducive layout in their lives (the new one alongside the old one), then this answer provides a reason not to switch to the new layout. But why do we need to save the original one at all, or assume that people would need to learn use a second one alongside the old one? In a world where people just switch from the old layout to the new layout, this answer helps Bernard's case. Bernard would still be asking, "Why haven't we switched to the second, faster layout, given that a person who learned the old one can readily learn to use the new one instead?"

    5% picked this

  5. It is now possible to

    Too Weak

    Too Weak: it is possible Unclear Impact It's not clear whether any of these new "choose your layout" keyboards actually exist. This only tells us it's possible to construct them. If they do exist, does anyone have or use them? The gist of the conversation is that the world is still, in general, using the traditional QWERTY layout, and Bernard can't understand why we'd still be using a layout that (Cora claims) was designed to slow us down.

    7% picked this

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