Logical Reasoning

PT112 · S3 · Q11 Peter: Because the leaves of

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Peter: Because the leaves of mildly drought-stressed plants are tougher in texture than the leaves of abundantly watered plants, insects prefer to feed on the leaves of abundantly watered plants.

Conclusion (therefore)

To minimize crop damage, farmers should water crops only just enough to ensure that there is no substantial threat, from a lack of water, to either the growth or the yield of the crops.

Evidence

The leaves of mildly drought-stressed plants are tougher in texture than the leaves of abundantly watered plants.

Insects prefer to feed on the leaves of abundantly watered plants.

Evaluate

This argument fits the Recommendation pattern. Peter is suggesting a course of action (water plants minimally) to achieve a goal (minimize crop damage).

To assess this argument, we should consider whether following the recommendation would indeed lead to the intended outcome, with a net gain when compared to the current scenario of abundant watering.

The author thinks insects' preference for softer leaves means that mildly drought-stressed plants will experience less insect damage. The argument assumes that the benefit of reduced insect damage outweighs any negative effects of mild drought stress, so a strong point in favor would be evidence that supports minimizing insect damage as a priority.

Goal

Let's find an answer that highlights that the potential benefits of reduced insect feeding, thanks to watering crops less, outweigh the risks associated with slight drought stress.

11.

Which one of the following, if true, most strengthens Peter's argument?

  1. The leaves of some crop

    No Impact

    While it notes differences in water absorption among crops, it doesn't address whether mildly drought-stressed plants will benefit crops overall with reduced insect damage.

    3% picked this

  2. In industrialized nations there are

    No Impact

    The relative abundance of crops being abundantly watered versus mildly drought-stressed is irrelevant to the argument about reducing insect damage through less watering for specific crops.

    3% picked this

  3. Correct

    Insect damage presents a greater

    Why this is right

    This choice emphasizes that insect damage is a greater threat to crops than mild drought stress. Thus, if slightly reducing water to gain tough leaves indeed minimizes insect feeding, it provides stronger justification for Peter's recommendation since it focuses on addressing the more serious threat.

    Skill tested: Strengthen · how this choice captures the argument's function is the move to repeat next time.

    89% picked this

  4. Farmers are not always able

    No Impact

    This option points out potential variability in watering due to external factors like rain, but it doesn't discuss how this variability would affect the balance of insect versus drought stress damage.

    2% picked this

  5. Mexican bean beetles are more

    Opposite (if anything) No Impact

    Because this compares two different bugs eating two different versions of the soybean (drier vs moister), it's impossible to derive anything from it. "Bob is more likely to eat dry X than Karen is to eat moist X". Okay, what does that tell me??? But if anything, this makes it sound like the drier leaves are more likely to be eaten, which works against the author's plan.

    3% picked this

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