Logical Reasoning

PT112 · S1 · Q26 In the paintings by seventeenth-century

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In the paintings by seventeenth-century Dutch artist Vermeer, we find several recurrent items: a satin jacket, a certain Turkish carpet, and wooden chairs with lion’s head finials.

Conclusion

Vermeer was not recycling the same props just because he didn't have enough props.

Evidence

Many of the props he used were expensive.

Evaluate

This argument is pretty thin, and that's very weird for Sufficient Assumption.

We have a Curious Fact ... why did Vermeer use a lot of similar items in his paintings?

Some people pose the potential Explanation ... maybe he just didn't have that many props.

Our author is saying,

The implication seems to be that

Goal

Since this is Sufficient Assumption, we're not getting fuzzy with the language. We're pre-phrasing a verbatim idea that connects the pieces we have.

Existing evidence: many of the props were expensive

Conclusion we're trying to prove: V didn't re-use props because he just didn't have other props he could use.

How we get from evidence to conclusion: many props were → recurrent use wasn't expensive from lack of props

26.

The conclusion follows logically if which one of the following is assumed?

  1. Vermeer often borrowed the expensive

    Weakens, if anything

    Since this answer doesn't build a bridge between "expensive props" and "didn't re-use from lack of props", it doesn't really interest us. If we engaged with it, we'd probably think that it does more to weaken than anything else. After all, our author is thinking that Vermeer's use of expensive props indicate that Vermeer was a man of some financial means and thus a man who wouldn't suffer from a lack of props. But if the expensive props are borrowed, not owned by Vermeer, then that actually works against the author's argument.

    2% picked this

  2. The props that recur in

    Mildly Strengthens

    The author is trying to prove "Vermeer wasn't suffering from a lack of props", i.e. "Vermeer had plenty of props available to him. That's not why he recycled a lot of the same props into lots of paintings." So learning the recurring props were always available to Vermeer somewhat strengthens the picture of a person who had plenty of access to props. But this certainly doesn't prove he had access to other props, as the author's conclusion is trying to do. As far as this answer takes us, it's still very possible that Vermeer only had access to these recurring props. And if he only had access to these props, then he still may have had a dearth (a scarcity) of props available to him. The correct answer can't leave room for, "maybe it was a lack of props". It needs to 100% prove that wasn't the case.

    17% picked this

  3. The satin jacket and wooden

    No Impact

    This would weaken, if anything, in the same style in which (A) did. The author is using Vermeer's apparent possession of expensive props as her sole evidence that he would have had enough money to not suffer from any lack of props. If these props don't belong to him, they're being borrowed, that only hurts the author's argument.

    1% picked this

  4. The several recurrent items that

    Strengthens

    This strengthens but doesn't prove. It suggests an Alternate Explanation for why Vermeer recycled these props (it wasn't because he lacked other props; it was because they had such sentimental value). But this answer doesn't use any causal language. It doesn't establish that Vermeer used these sentimental objects as props because they were sentimental. It's possible that Vermeer used these objects because they were the only props he had access to, and they also happen to be objects that had special sentimental important for him. Since this is Sufficient Assumption, not Strengthen, it's not good enough to be suggestive. We need inviolate proof.

    13% picked this

  5. Correct

    If a dearth of props

    Why this is right

    This just gives us the "IF Premise, THEN Conclusion" bridge idea we need to formally prove the conclusion. They present that linking idea in contrapositive form, so that it doesn't initially sound appealing to people, but if we contrapose this answer it says: if we find expensive a dearth of props props in any → did not account for of V's paintings the recurrent objects We do find expensive props in some of V's paintings, so according to this rule, "a dearth (lack, scarcity) of props is not the reason for the recurrent usage of these props". Remember, on Sufficient Assumption, that even if the argument sounds more real world and conversational, our task is not. Our task remains as dry, formulaic, and ultra-logical as ever: pick an answer that, combined with the existing evidence, will allow us to derive the words of the conclusion.

    Skill tested: Sufficient Assumption · how this choice captures the argument's function is the move to repeat next time.

    67% picked this

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