Reading Comprehension

PT108 · S1 · P2 · Q11 Non-Objectivist Discourse

A free, expert breakdown of this official LSAT Reading Comprehension question.

  • Save & drill this skill build targeted practice sets from questions like this one

  • Video walkthroughs watch every question solved step by step

  • 81 official LSATs as questions, timed sections & full-length tests

In recent years, a growing belief that the way society decides what to treat as true is controlled through largely unrecognized discursive practices has led legal reformers to examine the complex interconnections between narrative and law.

Topic

The impact of narrative and subjectivity on legal truth and the movement toward using personal stories to reform legal practices.

Framework

Challenge Position, Problem / Solution

Main Point

Traditional legal objectivism is flawed because it assumes an impossible neutral perspective; legal reformers are pushing for the use of personal narratives to bring more empathy and inclusiveness to legal decisions. Most Valuable Sentence: (end of P1); also, the last paragraph encapsulates the solution.

P1: The Problem with Legal Objectivism and the Myth of Neutral Truth

Recent thinkers have started questioning how society decides what is true, especially in the legal system where people have to choose between competing stories. The old approach, "objectivism," says that there's one neutral, unbiased truth, but the author argues that's unrealistic. No one can observe without some bias—everyone brings their own beliefs, experiences, and values, so objectivity is basically a myth.

P2: Societal Harm of Objectivism in Law

The real-world damage comes from the fact that only people trained to speak the language of the law get believed. People who can't "speak legal" have their stories dismissed, even if they're true.

P3: Proposed Solution—Personal Narrative as Empowerment

Legal reformers like Williams, Bell, and Matsuda want to fix this by encouraging people to tell their own stories in their own words. Rather than restricting legal discourse to cold, logical arguments, they say personal stories can build empathy and help insiders truly understand those who've been excluded, possibly leading to a more just, empathetic legal system.

11.

Which one of the following best describes the sense of "cognition" referred to in the second sentence of the last paragraph?

  1. Correct

    logical thinking uninfluenced by passion

    Why this is right

    "Uninfluenced by passion" matches up well with "not emotional / neutral / unskewed". The logical part of this seems weird. But since "cognition" is what's allowed in objectivist discourse, and since we learned that objectivist discourse is biased towards those who are fluent in legal language, we can use our common sense to see that logical thinking seems reasonable.

    Skill tested: Meaning in Context · how this choice captures the passage's function is the move to repeat next time.

    80% picked this

  2. the interpretation of visual cues

    Opposite: interpretation Too Narrow: visual

    The word cognition in context definitely doesn't seem to be specifically about visual cues. And someone's interpretation would be the opposite of a neutral, objective, unskewed version of what happened. Interpretations are subjective, not objective.

    2% picked this

  3. human thought that encompasses all

    Opposite: emotion / experience

    The word cognition in context is being contrasted with thought that is colored / skewed by emotion and experience. So this is the opposite of how it's being used.

    8% picked this

  4. the reasoning actually employed by

    Not in Support Window

    The word cognition in context is being used in regards to witnesses and their testimony, not to judges. While this answer would share the logical thinking component of (A), this answer does not have the "not-emotion / not-experience" reinforcement that (A) has. In other words, (A) has something that matches our Support Window (uninfluenced by passion) and something not mentioned but reasonable (logical thinking). This answer would only have the latter, and it's talking about judges, not witnesses.

    4% picked this

  5. sudden insights inspired by the

    Opposite: inspired by stories

    The word cognition in context is defined as "not-emotion / not-experience". The language of experience is a synonym for "personal stories". Personal stories is where the author wants to take the legal profession, whereas cognition was used as a placeholder for the type of language that is currently used (dry, clinical, unskewed, neutral).

    6% picked this

Continue the review in LSAT Lab

Save this question, watch the video walkthrough, and drill similar questions in your LSAT Lab account.

LSAT Lab

Turn this review into a targeted study plan.

Save this question, drill more like it, watch the video walkthrough, and track your progress in your LSAT Lab account.

Start practicing free