Logical ReasoningDifficulty: Easy

PT103 S2 Q11 Explanation

Commercial passenger airplanes can be equipped

A free, expert breakdown of this official LSAT Logical Reasoning question.

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Stimulus

Commercial passenger airplanes can be equipped with a collision-avoidance radar system that provides pilots with information about the proximity of other airplanes. Because the system warns pilots to take evasive action when it indicates a possible collision, passengers are safer on airplanes equipped with the system than the system frequently warns pilots to evade phantom airplanes.

What this question is testing

Strengthen

Your task

Find the choice that makes the argument's conclusion more likely to be true.

Common trap

Answers that are consistent with the argument but add no real support, or that strengthen a claim the argument doesn't make.

Winning move

Locate the gap between evidence and conclusion, then pick the choice that closes it.

Reading along? Open the full official question in LawHub — we show a fragment here and keep the reasoning in our own words.

The question
11.

Which one of the following, if true, most strengthens

Answer choices

  1. Correct85% picked this

    Evasive action taken in response to the system’s warnings poses no risk

    Why this is right

    This strengthens by ruling out an objection. If the system is giving warnings of an imminent collision (often false alarms!), then the pilots will be quickly swerving the plane in a different direction, which is potentially a dangerous mid-air move. This reassures us that the evasive actions do not pose any risk to passengers, so then even false alarms don't detract from passenger safety. Thus, the system's warnings, even if frequently false, contribute to added safety because they can provide useful real warnings without increasing danger when evasive actions are unnecessary.

    Skill tested: Strengthen · how this choice captures the argument's function is the move to repeat next time.

  2. No Impact1% picked this

    Commercial passenger airplanes are in greater danger of colliding with other airplanes while on the ground than they

    Whether airplanes are in greater danger of colliding on the ground than in flight is unrelated to the effectiveness of the radar system during flight, which is when the system is primarily used. The discussion is focused on in-flight safety, not on-ground collisions.

  3. No Impact4% picked this

    Commercial passenger airplanes are rarely involved in collisions while

    Stating that airplanes are rarely involved in collisions while in flight does not impact the relative safety provided by the system. Even if only 2% of flights were involved in collisions, and this radar system brought it down to 1%, then it would have succeeded in making things safer. This fact about all planes does not address the comparison between airplanes equipped and unequipped with the new system.

  4. Opposite Impact1% picked this

    A study by ground-based air traffic controllers found that 63 percent of the warnings by

    Saying that a majority of the warnings that this system spits out are false alarms makes it sound like a bad system. Not only would we worry that pilots were endangering the plane by taking evasive action in response to a false alarm, but we also might worry that pilots learn to ignore the system's warning since the warning are usually bogus in the first place.

  5. No Impact9% picked this

    The collision-avoidance radar system is run by a computerized device on the plane that scans the sky and

    This information about how the radar system operates doesn't tell us how this functioning impacts safety specifically. Understanding its operational mechanism doesn't confirm or deny the added safety claims.

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