Logical Reasoning

PT101 · S3 · Q4 P’s argument is vulnerable to which

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M: The Greek alphabet must have been invented by some individual who knew the Phoenician writing system and who wanted to have some way of recording Homeric epics and thereby preserving expressions of a highly developed tradition of oral poetry.

P's Conclusion

It's laughable to suggest that the Greek alphabet was invented by someone who knew Phoenician writing and wanted to have a some way to record Homer's epics / that tradition of oral poetry.

P's Evidence

What would be the point of writing Homer's epics down? If you knew them well enough to write them down, you wouldn't ever bother reading what you wrote (you clearly have it memorized). And since no one else would know this brand new alphabet you're creating, no one else would be able to read them.

Evaluate

How can we defend M's hypothesis, given that the person who would invent the alphabet would be the only person who knew what the alphabet meant and given that they wouldn't have any reason to read a poem they wrote down if they had it memorized in the first place?

Let's think of each objection - why write a poem down if you already have it memorized?

Well ... maybe you're afraid you'll forget it in your old age. Maybe you find something aesthetically beautiful about seeing it in print. Maybe you want to write it down and add your own illustrations. Maybe you want to be able to pass this book on to future generations after you're dead.

- why write a poem in a language you just invented if you're the only one who would know how to read your alphabet?

Well ... maybe you love the giddy power of having a secret language unto yourself (not a serious objection, but funny). Maybe you plan to share your alphabet with other people and teach them how to use it?

Goal

Look for an answer that would allow us to defend M's hypothesis against P's objections.

4.

P's argument is vulnerable to which one of the following criticisms?

  1. It fails to demonstrate that

    Not Necessary

    Whenever we see Flaw answer choices start with takes for granted / presumes / fails to establish / fails to demonstrate they are presenting an idea that supposedly is something the author needed to assume but never established. Did P need to assume that "the Phoenician alphabet alone could have provided the basis for the Greek alphabet"? Not at all. First of all, that's a very extreme idea (the Phoenician alphabet alone could do it). More importantly, P is shooting down the hypothesis that the Greek alphabet was invented by someone who knew the Phoenician writing system. So P doesn't need to assume anything that would help that hypothesis be true.

    4% picked this

  2. It incorrectly assumes that the

    Too Strong: first text ever Opposite

    This question is about P's argument. Was P assuming that "the first text ever written in Greek was a Homeric poem"? No, the opposite. P is saying that this hypothesis is laughable.

    2% picked this

  3. It confuses the requirements for

    Out of Scope

    Out of Scope: requirements of oral/written Neither person identifies anything that's required of a complex oral tradition or of a written language.

    14% picked this

  4. It attempts to demonstrate the

    Bad Conclusion / Evidence Match Opposite

    Does P's argument attempt to demonstrate the truth of a hypothesis? The opposite. P is arguing that a hypothesis is laughably untrue.

    3% picked this

  5. Correct

    It overlooks the possibility that

    Why this is right

    Whenever a Flaw answer choice begins with fails to consider / overlooks the possibility the answer is presenting a supposed Objection. Would it hurt P's argument to say, "maybe the person who invented the Greek alphabet was planning to teach it to others"? Sure! P was saying, "Why would you bother writing down a poem you already know in a language that only you know?" This answer choice is responding, "Because ... I was planning to then teach my new language to people. Then they could read the copy of Homer's epics that I wrote down in my new language".

    Skill tested: Flaw · how this choice captures the argument's function is the move to repeat next time.

    77% picked this

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