Logical Reasoning

PT101 · S2 · Q21 Newspaper editor: Law enforcement

A free, expert breakdown of this official LSAT Logical Reasoning question.

  • Save & drill this skill build targeted practice sets from questions like this one

  • Video walkthroughs watch every question solved step by step

  • 81 official LSATs as questions, timed sections & full-length tests

Newspaper editor: Law enforcement experts, as well as most citizens, have finally come to recognize that legal prohibitions against gambling all share a common flaw: no matter how diligent the effort, the laws are impossible to enforce.

Conclusion

There should be no law against gambling.

Evidence

If a law fails to be effective, then there should be no law.

Gambling laws are impossible to enforce.

Evaluate

We might hear the missing link here, but it's been well disguised with filler phrases and qualifiers like "Ethical qualms notwithstanding" (jerks).

When we're doing Sufficient Assumption, it sometimes benefits us to think of the conclusion as a logic voneyor belt we need to build.

Proving that "there should be no law against gambling" could look like,

Gambling ---------------------------> should be no law

The arrow is intentionally elongated because we're trying to create a space in which we can see what ideas were presented, and how the author's train of thought was designed to work. We want to ask ourselves questions about the conclusion:

- What were we told (if anything) about gambling?

- what rule were we given (if any) that allows us to derive the idea that there "should not be a legal prohibition".

The second to last claim gives us a mechanism for proving that there shouldn't be a law.

If we can establish that a law fails to be effective, then this rule lets us derive that there shouldn't be a law. So if we knew that gambling laws aren't effective, then that would prove our conclusion.

Did they tell us that gambling laws are ineffective? No, they told us that gambling laws are unenforceable.

So we need to get from "unenforceable" to "ineffective". Visually, it looks like this:

CONCLUSION Gambling -----------------------------> should be no law EVIDENCE Gambling --> imposs fails to should be to enforce to be --> no law effective

MISSING ASSUMPTION

imposs fails to to enforce → to be effective

If we could make that internal connection, then we would have our desired logical conveyor belt from Gambling to Should Not Be Law.

Goal

We want an answer that says impossible to enforce → ineffective law

But we know on Sufficient Assumption they often present what we're looking for in contrapositive form, so we can mentally prepare as well for effective law → possible to enforce

21.

Which one of the following, if assumed, allows the argument’s conclusion to be properly drawn?

  1. Correct

    No effective law is unenforceable.

    Why this is right

    This says effective → enforceable not enforceable → not effective which was our prediction (in contrapositive form). We know gambling laws are impossible to enforce. According to this answer that means that gambling laws are not effective. And according to the second to last sentence, a law that is ineffective should not be a law. Thus, we've proven that gambling laws shouldn't be laws (i.e. there should be no legal prohibition against gambling).

    Skill tested: Sufficient Assumption · how this choice captures the argument's function is the move to repeat next time.

    61% picked this

  2. All enforceable laws are effective.

    Opposite / Reversed

    We were looking for impossible to enforce → not effective This answer says possible to enforce → effective We are always on guard for this type of "Right ideas, Wrong order" trap answer on Assumption questions.

    15% picked this

  3. No legal prohibitions against gambling

    Repeats Something We Know

    This is incredibly rare. You almost never see answer choices repeat a fact, but we were explicitly told "legal prohibitions against gambling all share a common flaw: the laws are impossible to enforce". So this answer adds nothing new to our argument.

    22% picked this

  4. Most citizens must agree with

    Out of Scope

    Out of Scope: must agree with law Sufficient Assumption correct answers almost never bring in any new ideas, so this new concept of "51% of citizens must agree in order for law to be effective" is a big turnoff. We need to establish that gambling laws are ineffective in order to prove they shouldn't be laws. This rule does have the power to prove something is ineffective, but we would have to establish that "most citizens do not agree with gambling laws" to trigger this. Were we told that "most citizens do not agree with gambling laws"? No, we were only told that most citizens have come to recognize that gambling laws share a common flaw of being unenforceable. Sufficient Assumption doesn't tolerate any gaps, so this answer would not let us fully derive the conclusion.

    2% picked this

  5. Most citizens must agree with

    Out of Scope

    Out of Scope: must agree with law Sufficient Assumption correct answers almost never bring in any new ideas, so this new concept of "51% of citizens must agree in order for law to be effective" is a big turnoff. We need to establish that gambling laws are ineffective in order to prove they shouldn't be laws. This rule has no power to prove that a law is ineffective, so it's worthless to us.

    1% picked this

Continue the review in LSAT Lab

Save this question, watch the video walkthrough, and drill similar questions in your LSAT Lab account.

LSAT Lab

Turn this review into a targeted study plan.

Save this question, drill more like it, watch the video walkthrough, and track your progress in your LSAT Lab account.

Start practicing free