Reading ComprehensionDifficulty: Hard

PT21 S4 P1 Q4 Explanation

Pianoforte School

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Passage

Musicologists concerned with the “London Pianoforte school,” the group of composers, pedagogues, pianists, publishers, and builders who contributed to the development of the piano in London at the turn of the nineteenth century, have long encountered a formidable obstacle in the general unavailability of music of this “school” in modern scholarly editions. leading representatives, like Johann Baptist Cramer and Jan Ladislav Dussek, has eluded serious attempts at revival.

Nicholas Temperley’s ambitious new anthology decisively overcomes this deficiency. What underscores the intrinsic value of Temperley’s editions is that the anthology reproduces nearly all of the original music in facsimile. Making available this cross section of English musical life—some 800 works by 49 composers—should encourage new critical perspectives about how piano music instrument was transformed from the fortepiano to what we know today as the piano.

To be sure, the concept of the London Pianoforte school itself calls for review. “School” may well be too strong a word for what was arguably a group unified not so much by stylistic principles or aesthetic creed as by the geographical circumstance that they worked at various times in London and be so great as to cast doubt on the notion of a ‘school.’”

The notion of a school was first propounded by Alexander Ringer, who argued that laws of artistic survival forced the young, progressive Beethoven to turn outside Austria for creative models, and that he found inspiration in a group of pianists connected with Clementi in London. Ringer’s proposed London Pianoforte school did suggest by the period (c. 1766–1873) during which it flourished, as Temperley has done in the anthology.

What this question is testing

Weaken

Your task

Find the choice that makes the argument's conclusion less likely to be true.

Common trap

Answers that look negative but attack a claim the argument never relied on.

Winning move

Find the assumption the argument depends on, then pick the choice that undermines it.

Reading along? Open the full official question in LawHub — we show a fragment here and keep the reasoning in our own words.

The question
4.

Which one of the following, if true, would most clearly undermine a portion of Ringer’s argument as the argument is

Answer choices

  1. Correct60% picked this

    Musicians in Austria composed innovative music for the Broadwood piano as soon as the

    Why this is right

    This goes against Ringer's argument that "laws of artistic survival forced the young, progressive Beethoven to turn outside Austria for creative models" and that Beethoven found inspiration with this London Pianoforte school because of how they were experimenting with the Broadwood piano. Ringer is making it seem like Beethoven felt artistically bored in Austria and had to go to London so that he could experiment with the Broadwood piano, with these other composers. But this answer is hurting that line. It's saying, "Hey, Ringer -- Beethoven didn't need to leave Austria to experience the inspiration of the new Broadwood piano. As soon as the Broadwood piano was available to anyone, there were musicians in Austria composing innovative music for the Broadwood."

    Skill tested: Weaken · how this choice captures the passage's function is the move to repeat next time.

  2. Compatible5% picked this

    Clementi and his followers produced most of their compositions between 1790

    Ringer explained that most of the impact of this school was in the decades just before and after 1800, so it seems pretty consistent to hear that most of Clementi's compositions and those of his followers were produced between 1790-1810.

  3. No Impact / Too Weak10% picked this

    The influence of Continental musicians is apparent in some of the

    This might seem somewhat tempting, because Ringer is arguing that the London school (including Beethoven) had influence on Continental musicians: they exercised no small degree of influence on Continental musicians. And this answer is talking about the inverse: Continental musicians having an influence on Beethoven. But those two things are very compatible. Plus, this is only saying that some (at least one) works of Beethoven show the influence of Continental musicians.

  4. Strengthens10% picked this

    The pianist-composers of the London Pianoforte school shared many of the

    If the composers of the Pianoforte school shared many of the same stylistic principles, that would strengthen the idea that they should be considered a "school".

  5. No Impact16% picked this

    Most composers of the London Pianoforte school were born on the Continent and were drawn to London by the work

    This is saying that most members of the Pianoforte school followed a path like Beethoven: they were born in Continental Europe and traveled to London to be a part of this "school" that Clementi and his followers were cultivating.

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