Logical Reasoning

PT152 · S4 · Q23 An antitheft device involving

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An antitheft device involving an electronic homing beacon has been developed for use in tracking stolen automobiles.

Background

New tracking device installed on cars is invisible to car thieves, so it doesn't directly deter theft, but once they steal a car it makes it way easier to apprehend even the best thieves.

It's not used by many car owners yet.

Surprising Claim

But in cities where even a small percentage of drivers have the tracking device installed, auto thefts have dropped dramatically.

Evaluate / Goal

Given That in certain cities, only a small percentage of car owners have these devices installed

How Can it Be That in these cities, auto thefts have dropped dramatically?

We need some way that a small number of cars with these devices could have a big effect on car theft.

23.

Which one of the following, if true, would most help to explain the dramatic impact of the antitheft device?

  1. Car thieves will tend to

    No Impact

    This explains why a car thief is likely to get apprehended when they steal a car with this tracking device, but it doesn't help explain why a small % of cars having it could lead to a huge drop in car thefts. In particular, these cars were still stolen! The fact that the thief would get sloppy and get caught doesn't remove the car theft from the police record. We need an answer where some of these apprehensions are somehow deterring lots of future car thefts.

    11% picked this

  2. Typically, the number of cars

    No Impact

    It doesn't matter how the cities we're talking about compare to other cities. The fact set we're trying to explain is about these cities NOW vs. these cities PREVIOUSLY. This answer is about "these cities PREVIOUSLY vs. other cities PREVIOUSLY)

    8% picked this

  3. Before the invention of the

    No Impact

    This answer would allow us to say that even though only a small % of cars have the device, the % of car thefts that are apprehended has gone up dramatically. If you go from "5 car thefts were apprehended (rarely) to 25 car thefts were apprehended", that's a 400% increase. But the problem is we don't care about the rate of apprehension. We care about the rate of car thefts. This has nothing to do with that. Whether we apprehend the thief or not, the car theft has already occurred. We're looking for a causal story where a small group of people having these tracking devices leads to way fewer cars being stolen in the first place.

    29% picked this

  4. A large proportion of stolen

    Unclear Impact

    Are the out-of-towners people who have the tracking device? Do a higher percentage of them than the car owners of the city that they're visiting have the tracking device? If an out-of-towner does have the device, has their car stolen, and uses the tracking device to apprehend the thief, how does that lead to a dramatic drop in car thefts in that city they were visiting?

    5% picked this

  5. Correct

    In most cities the majority

    Why this is right

    This allows us to solve the paradox of "how could a small number of cars have a big effect on the city's car theft numbers"? In most cities, most thefts are committed by a few very experienced thieves. These thieves ain't used to being apprehended. They steal a car, sell it, steal another. However, once a small % of cars start to have these tracking devices, some of these super thieves are going to unknowingly steal one of these, get apprehended (because remember it doesn't matter how good/experienced you are), get arrested and jailed, and thus they're behind bars, instead of stealing another 100 cars. If there are like 20 thieves responsible for most of the 1000 car thefts each year, then if we snag 10 of them from that small % of cars with the tracking device, we'll put them in jail and prevent the 500 other car thefts they would have done this year had we not busted them and thrown them in the clink.

    Skill tested: Paradox · how this choice captures the argument's function is the move to repeat next time.

    47% picked this

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