Reading ComprehensionDifficulty: Easy

PT149 S2 P1 Q3 Explanation

Chinatown Chinese

A free, expert breakdown of this official LSAT Reading Comprehension question.

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Passage

The following passage is adapted from an article 1981.

Chinese is a language of many distinct dialects that are often mutually unintelligible. Some linguists have argued that a new dialect of Chinese has evolved in the United States, which is commonly used in the Chinatown section of San Francisco. The characterization of this “Chinatown Chinese” as a distinct dialect is based Chinese Americans in San Francisco so long as one is proficient in the uniquely Chinese-American terminologies.

Regarding the first claim, much of the distinctive vocabulary of Chinatown Chinese consists of proper names of geographical places and terms for things that some people, especially those born and raised in villages, had never encountered in China. Some are transliterated terms, such as dang-tang for “downtown.” Others are direct translations from their meaning can be inferred from the context. The supposed language barrier is, therefore, mostly imaginary.

The second claim—that the sharing of a uniquely Chinese-American vocabulary makes possible communication among Chinese Americans no matter what their basic dialect of Chinese may be—is a misleading oversimplification. While many Chinese-American speakers of other Chinese dialects have become familiar with Cantonese, now the most common dialect of Chinese spoken in the constitute only a minute percentage of each dialect and are generally peripheral to the core vocabulary.

What this question is testing

Local Purpose

Your task

Identify why the author included the referenced detail at that point in the passage — its function, not its content.

Common trap

Answers that merely repeat or summarize the topic of the detail instead of describing the role it plays.

Winning move

Ask what job the detail does for the paragraph, then for the passage's broader point.

Reading along? Open the full official question in LawHub — we show a fragment here and keep the reasoning in our own words.

The question
3.

The author mentions the words dang-tang (second paragraph) and gong-ngihn ngiht (second paragraph)

Answer choices

  1. Too Strong: dominate2% picked this

    demonstrate the extent to which American English terms dominate

    The author is never trying to make the case that American English terms dominate Chinatown Chinese. She seems to be making the more limited claim that "most new words that Chinatown Chinese has that someone from China wouldn't recognize aren't new ways to say Chinese words ... they're just Chinese adaptations of American English proper nouns". She still thinks that "regular ol' Chinese" dominates Chinatown Chinese, and these American-related terms are just some add-ons.

  2. Opposite, if anything3% picked this

    illustrate how Chinese Americans are able to communicate with each other easily despite

    The author's stance is that Chinatown Chinese is not a different dialect, so her purpose certainly wouldn't be to show how Chinatown Chinese speakers and people newly arrived from China are communicating despite having different dialects. She's rebutting the idea that Chinatown Chinese would be confusing to newly arrived people from China "because it's a different dialect", and saying, "No, it's still fundamentally Chinese. The reason those two groups would sometimes struggle to communicate is just because there are a lot of terms that refer to American places or holidays that aren't familiar to people from China."

  3. Unsupported: understand with ease7% picked this

    explain why native Chinese are able to understand Chinese Americans with

    The author isn't ever saying that newly arrived people from China can understand Chinese Americans with ease. She agrees that newly arrived Chinese people would have trouble understanding some words from Chinatown Chinese. She's just saying that the confusion isn't because "it's a different dialect" but because there are a lot of terms that refer to American places or holidays that aren't familiar to people from China.

  4. Opposite2% picked this

    show why Chinatown Chinese should be considered a distinct

    The author's stance is that Chinatown Chinese is not a different dialect. She's rebutting the idea that Chinatown Chinese would be confusing to newly arrived people from China "because it's a different dialect", and saying, "No, it's still fundamentally Chinese. The reason those two groups would sometimes struggle to communicate is just because there are a lot of terms that refer to American places or holidays that aren't familiar to people from China."

  5. Correct86% picked this

    exemplify the ways in which American English terms have become part of or have

    Why this is right

    This answer reinforces language from the broader idea right before the detail, which is what we expect on Local Purpose. The first sentence of the 2nd paragraph is saying, "Much of Chinatown Chinese's distinct words are proper names of geographical places and terms that some people, especially rural ones, had never encountered in China (because these terms aren't common outside America)." For example: downtown is an example of a geographical place that a rural Chinese person wouldn't know. Labor Day is an American holiday that rural Chinese people wouldn't know.

    Skill tested: Local Purpose · how this choice captures the passage's function is the move to repeat next time.

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