Logical ReasoningDifficulty: Easy

PT145 S2 Q23 Explanation

Most of the mines that Moradco

A free, expert breakdown of this official LSAT Logical Reasoning question.

TopicsMust be True

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Stimulus

Most of the mines that Moradco operates in the province of Velyena have never violated environmental regulations. Every one of the gold mines that Moradco operates throughout the or another violated environmental regulations.

What this question is testing

Must be True

Your task

Break the argument into its conclusion and evidence, then do exactly what the question stem asks with that structure.

Common trap

Answers that sound relevant to the topic but don't connect to the argument's actual reasoning.

Winning move

Predict what a right answer must do, then test each choice against the conclusion-evidence gap.

Reading along? Open the full official question in LawHub — we show a fragment here and keep the reasoning in our own words.

The question
23.

Which one of the following statements follows logically from the

Answer choices

  1. Too Strong: #1 mine operator1% picked this

    Moradco operates more mines in Velyena than any other company

    We have no basis for thinking Moradco operates more mines than any other company, let alone derive that they are they #1 most numerous mine operator. They could just as easily be the mining company with the fewest mines in Velyena.

  2. Unknown Comparison Relative vs. Absolute3% picked this

    The total number of gold mines that Moradco operates is larger than the total number of mines

    There was no information at all about actual numbers of gold mines. Most and Every aren't numbers, they're percentages (over 50% and 100%, respectively). Just because "every" means 100% and "most" only means "over 50%" doesn't mean that there are more gold mines than Velyenan mines. There might be 100 mines in Velyena (at least 51 of which have never violated regulations). And there might be 6 gold mines that Moradco operates throughout the world (all 6 of which have violated regulations).

  3. Unknown Most Group10% picked this

    Most of the gold mines that Moradco operates are not located

    Most is a really dangerous word on Must Be True and Must Be Assumed (i.e. Necessary Assumption). We can never derive a statement about "Most X's" if the stimulus didn't provide a statement about "Most X's". There was no statement in the stimulus that said "Most gold mines from Moradco". We only had "Most Moradco mines in Velyena". This answer can be disproven with some numbers. There might be 100 mines in Velyena (at least 51 of which have never violated regulations, up to 49 of which have violated regulations). And there might be 11 gold mines that Moradco operates throughout the world (all 11 of which have violated regulations). Do we know that most of those gold mines are outside Velyena? Do at least 6 of them have to be outside Velyena? No, all 11 of them could be in Velyena and it wouldn't go against anything we were told. If there are 100 Moradco mines in Velyena, up to 49 of them could be gold mines.

  4. Correct84% picked this

    Most of the mines that Moradco operates in Velyena are not

    Why this is right

    This is what we predicted. The idea behind Inference questions is testing our ability to synthesize. Given these two claims: A is B B is C We derive A is C. We filter out the thing the two claims have in common and join the other two things. Given these claims: Most of Moradco's ... have violated. Velyena mines If have violated, then not Moradco's gold mines We filter out the Overlapping Concept to derive: Most of Moradco's Velyena mines not Moradco's gold mines

    Skill tested: Must be True · how this choice captures the argument's function is the move to repeat next time.

  5. Unknown Most Group2% picked this

    Most of the mines that Moradco operates throughout the world are

    We can never derive a statement about "Most X's" if the stimulus didn't provide a statement about "Most X's". There was no statement in the stimulus that said "Most of M's mines in the world". We only had "Most Moradco mines in Velyena". This answer can be disproven with some numbers. There might be 10 mines in Velyena (at least 6 of which have never violated regulations and thus are not gold). And there might be 100 gold mines throughout the world, 100 of which have violated regulations. In that legal scenario, Moradco has 110 total mines throughout the world, and most of them (at least 100 of them) are gold mines.

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