Logical ReasoningDifficulty: Hard

PT143 S1 Q23 Explanation

Editorial: The gates at most railroad

A free, expert breakdown of this official LSAT Logical Reasoning question.

TopicsSufficient Assumption

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Stimulus

Editorial: The gates at most railroad crossings, while they give clear warning of oncoming trains, are not large enough to prevent automobile drivers from going around them onto the tracks. Some people claim that the ensuing accidents are partly the fault of the railroad company, but this is a mistake. Granted, if but a licensed driver is a capable adult who should know better.

What this question is testing

Sufficient Assumption

Your task

Find the assumption that, if added, guarantees the conclusion follows.

Common trap

Answers that only partly bridge the gap, leaving the conclusion unproven.

Winning move

Identify the new term in the conclusion and pick the choice that links it to the evidence.

Reading along? Open the full official question in LawHub — we show a fragment here and keep the reasoning in our own words.

The question
23.

The editorial's conclusion follows logically if which one of the following

Answer choices

  1. Unrelated to Goal2% picked this

    The gates could be made larger, yet irresponsible drivers might still be able to go around

    If the answer isn't providing a rule that allows us to derive the idea of "the railroad company is not at fault", then it won't serve our purposes of helping us to logically guarantee the conclusion. This answer is sort of suggesting that, "If a better solution still wouldn't totally eradicate the problem, then they're not at fault for the current solution", but we need all that spelled out.

  2. Too Weak26% picked this

    Capable adults have a responsibility to take some measures to ensure

    Again, this answer doesn't provide a "not at fault" rule, so it won't serve our purposes of helping us to logically guarantee the conclusion. This answer is still compatible with the notion that the railroad company is partly at fault. We would need to hear that "100% of the responsibly lies with the capable adult" to prove that the railroad company is 0% responsible.

  3. Correct68% picked this

    When the warnings of companies are disregarded by capable adults, the adults are fully responsible

    Why this is right

    By saying that an adult is fully responsible, we're achieving our goal of proving that the railroad company is 0% responsible (they are not even partly at fault). Can we trigger this rule? warning of company ? adult fully resp. disregarded by capable adult for any accidents Do we know in the case of these railroad accidents that the driver is a capable adult who is disregarding the warning of a company? Yes, our two premises were that the crossings "give clear warning" and that a licensed driver is a "capable adult". Since this rule establishes that the adult is fully responsible for an accident when it disregards those crossing gates, it proves that "claiming the railroad company is partly at fault is a mistake".

    Skill tested: Sufficient Assumption · how this choice captures the argument's function is the move to repeat next time.

  4. Unrelated to Goal2% picked this

    Small children are not involved in accidents resulting from drivers going

    If the answer isn't providing a rule that allows us to derive the idea of "the railroad company is not at fault", then it won't serve our purposes of helping us to logically guarantee the conclusion. This answer doesn't have any language about who is at fault / who is responsible.

  5. Too Weak / Unrelated to Goal2% picked this

    Any company's responsibility to promote public safety is

    This answer just says, "There is at least some limit on the railroad company's responsibility to promote public safety". But this answer doesn't have any wording regarding who is responsible / at fault, so we can't use it to derive our conclusion. And this answer is perfectly compatible with the notion that the railroad company is still partly at fault in these railroad crossing accidents.

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