Logical Reasoning

PT140 · S2 · Q9 CEO: We have been falsely

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CEO: We have been falsely criticized for not being an environmentally responsible corporation.

Conclusion

We have been falsely criticized as being a "not environmentally responsible" corporation. rephrase: We are an environmentally responsible corporation.

Evidence

Do all you can → environmentally to pollute less responsible

No methods come with zero pollution.

Our newer methods pollute less than our older methods did.

Evaluate

Given that ... their new methods pollute less than their older ones, and that no method is pollution free

How can we still argue that ... they are not an environmentally responsible corporation?

Well, the author supplied us with a conditional rule that would prove that a corporation is environmentally responsible. And the author is acting like she triggered that rule.

But the trigger is "do all you can to pollute less" and all we know is that "new methods > old methods".

We could argue that,

It's like the author was saying,

We would similarly be saying,

Goal

Look for an answer that speaks to the gap between "new methods are less polluting than older methods" and .

9.

The reasoning in the CEO's argument is flawed in that it

  1. takes for granted that production

    Too Strong: cannot Not Assumed

    Did this author need to assume that we will never develop production methods that do not produce pollution? No, the author wasn't making that extreme assumption. She was simply saying that currently there is no production method that produces no pollution, as a way of arguing that the company is currently doing as much as currently can be done to limit pollution.

    5% picked this

  2. fails to take into account

    Unrelated: cause / effect

    This answer seems to just be fishing for students who know that Causal flaws are one of the most recurring types of famous flaws. This argument as nothing to do with interpreting correlations or causal relationships in different ways. We are really only scrutinizing whether this corporation fits the trigger of the rule provided. We're asking whether "current production methods" really "doing all that can be done to pollute less". Does "polluting less than before" qualify as "doing all that can be done to pollute less". These aren't cause / effect questions.

    2% picked this

  3. generalizes too hastily from the

    Not Part vs. Whole / Sampling

    This is another answer with famous flaw bait. Too hastily generalizing from a specific case to a class of criticisms would either be a Sampling flaw or a Part to Whole flaw. That has nothing to do with this conversation. We're never talking about "an entire class of criticisms".

    4% picked this

  4. takes for granted that because

    Stated, Not Assumed

    The author doesn't make any reasoning move from "we attempted to reduce pollution, thus we must have reduced pollution". The author flatly states that "the current production methods pollute significantly less than our old methods". There's no language about attempting to reduce pollution. There's just a factual reporting that they did reduce pollution. We're accepting that, since it's a premise, and thinking, "Even though they did reduce pollution with their new methods, how can I still argue that they're not an environmentally responsible corporation, as defined by that rule?"

    18% picked this

  5. Correct

    ignores the possibility that there

    Why this is right

    Since this answer begins with fails to consider / ignores possibility, we can ask ourselves, "Would it weaken the argument if there are methods that would allow them to produce less pollution?" Yes! If there are methods that would allow them to pollute less, then they are not "doing all they can to pollute less", so they don't meet the trigger of the rule the author was attempting to use. This speaks to the idea of, "Just because your new method is better than your old method doesn't mean it's the best available method."

    Skill tested: Flaw · how this choice captures the argument's function is the move to repeat next time.

    72% picked this

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