Logical ReasoningDifficulty: Medium

PT135 S4 Q19 Explanation

Consumer advocate: In some countries

A free, expert breakdown of this official LSAT Logical Reasoning question.

TopicsWeaken

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Stimulus

Consumer advocate: In some countries, certain produce is routinely irradiated with gamma rays in order to extend shelf life. There are, however, good reasons to avoid irradiated foods. First, they are exposed to the radioactive substances that produce the gamma rays. Second, irradiation can reduce the vitamin content of fresh unique radiolytic products that cause serious health problems, including cancer.

What this question is testing

Weaken

Your task

Find the choice that makes the argument's conclusion less likely to be true.

Common trap

Answers that look negative but attack a claim the argument never relied on.

Winning move

Find the assumption the argument depends on, then pick the choice that undermines it.

Reading along? Open the full official question in LawHub — we show a fragment here and keep the reasoning in our own words.

The question
19.

Each of the following, if true, weakens the consumer advocate's

Answer choices

  1. Weakens7% picked this

    Unique radiolytic products have seldom been found in any

    This pushes back against the last objection raised: "unique radiolytic products aren't a good reason to avoid irradiated food since they are seldom found in irradiated food".

  2. Correct73% picked this

    Cancer and other serious health problems have many causes that are unrelated to radioactive substances

    Why this is right

    This answer is just pointing out "there's a lot of different ways to get cancer, and other health problems". Cool. The author was never saying that irradiated food is the only way to get cancer or other health problems, so this poses no objection to her thinking.

    Skill tested: Weaken · how this choice captures the argument's function is the move to repeat next time.

  3. Weakens5% picked this

    A study showed that irradiation leaves the vitamin content of virtually all fruits

    Yes, author, irradiating food can reduce vitamin content, but in virtually all fruits and veggies the vitamin content is unchanged, so that's not a good reason for avoiding irradiated food.

  4. Weakens8% picked this

    The amount of harmful chemicals found in irradiated foods is less than the amount that occurs naturally in

    Don't worry about the chemical residues --- irradiated foods actually have a smaller amount of harmful chemicals than what occurs naturally in most foods, so chemical residues aren't a good reason to avoid irradiated food.

  5. Weakens6% picked this

    A study showed that the cancer rate is no higher among people who eat irradiated food than among

    The author's last premise was supposed to increase our concerns about imbibing a carcinogenic substance, these radiolytic substances. But if the cancer rate isn't any higher for people who eat irradiated food, it doesn't sound like ingesting radiolytic food really poses any cancer risk.

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