Logical ReasoningDifficulty: Medium

PT131 S1 Q22 Explanation

Last summer, after a number

A free, expert breakdown of this official LSAT Logical Reasoning question.

TopicsParadox

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Stimulus

Last summer, after a number of people got sick from eating locally caught anchovies, the coastal city of San Martin advised against eating such anchovies. The anchovies were apparently tainted with domoic acid, a harmful neurotoxin. However, a dramatic drop in the population of P. australis plankton to numbers is once again safe to eat locally caught anchovies.

What this question is testing

Paradox

Your task

Break the argument into its conclusion and evidence, then do exactly what the question stem asks with that structure.

Common trap

Answers that sound relevant to the topic but don't connect to the argument's actual reasoning.

Winning move

Predict what a right answer must do, then test each choice against the conclusion-evidence gap.

Reading along? Open the full official question in LawHub — we show a fragment here and keep the reasoning in our own words.

The question
22.

Which one of the following, if true, would most help to explain why it is now safe to

Answer choices

  1. Deepens the Paradox7% picked this

    P. australis is one of several varieties of plankton common to the region that, when ingested by anchovies, cause the latter to

    This makes it less understandable why it is safe to each anchovies again, because it creates additional varieties of plankton that can make anchovies toxic. The statements only provide that the population of P. australis returned to normal levels.

  2. Correct76% picked this

    P. australis naturally produces domoic acid, though anchovies consume enough to become toxic only when the population of

    Why this is right

    This relationship is consistent with T → PL the people of San Marin getting sick from eating locally caught anchovies, and given that the population of P. australis plankton has declined to normal levels, this addition of this rule supports the assertion that it is safe again to each anchovies. And by contrapositive, if the ~PL → ~T population of P. australis is not large, they do not produce enough domoic acid to make anchovies toxic.

    Skill tested: Paradox · how this choice captures the argument's function is the move to repeat next time.

  3. Too Weak2% picked this

    Scientists have used P. australis plankton to obtain domoic acid in

    If P. australis is connected with domoic acid, it’s unclear that it’s safe to eat anchovies because the P. australis is still present in the area near San Martin. The population of P. australis returned to normal, but it was not eliminated. So there are still P. australis producing domoic acid that could make people sick. This does not reduce the threat to the point that anchovies are now safe.

  4. Out of Scope3% picked this

    A sharp decline in the population of P. australis is typically mirrored by a corresponding drop in

    Whether the anchovy population is large or small should not necessarily impact whether it is safe to eat those anchovies.

  5. Reversal / Too Weak12% picked this

    P. australis cannot survive in large numbers in seawater that does not contain significant quantities of domoic acid

    This says that if there is not ~SDA → ~SLN significant amounts of domoic acid, then P. australis cannot surve in large numbers. Knowing that P. australis did not survive in large numbers does not support the point that there is not significant domoic acid. Furthermore, that there is not significant domoic acid in the seawater does not show that the anchovies are safe.

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