Logical Reasoning

PT130 · S4 · Q19 Anyone who believes in democracy

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Anyone who believes in democracy has a high regard for the wisdom of the masses.

Conclusion (thus)

Griley does not believe in democracy.

Premise

Anyone who believes in democracy has a high regard for the wisdom of the masses.

Griley is an elitist who believes that any popular artwork is unlikely to be good.

Evaluate

We're trying to prove that someone "doesn't believe in democracy", and the evidence did provide a way to prove that.

don't have high regard → don't believe in for wisdom of masses democracy

When the evidence provides a rule that proves the Telling Part of our conclusion, then our whole job becomes proving the trigger of that rule.

We need to prove that Griley doesn't have high regard for wisdom of the masses.

Goal

We have to get from something we know about Griley (he's an elitist / he thinks popular art is unlikely to be good) to what we need to know about him, that he doesn't have high a high regard for the wisdom of the masses.

19.

The conclusion follows logically if which one of the following is assumed?

  1. Anyone who believes that an

    Reversal

    Since this answer doesn't talk about the thing we need to hear about (not having high regard for the wisdom of the masses), we can skim by it. It's basically taking two things we know about Griley (elitist / dubious of popular art) and making a pointless conditional connection between them. This has no power to convince us that Griley doesn't have high regard for the wisdom of the masses.

    1% picked this

  2. Correct

    Anyone who believes that if

    Why this is right

    This works. It goes from something we know about Griley (he thinks popular art is unlikely to be good) and delivers us the idea we wanted: thus, he doesn't have high regard for wisdom of the masses. We know from the first sentence that if you don't have high regard for the wisdom of the masses, then you don't believe in democracy. So we have now proven that Griley doesn't believe in democracy.

    Skill tested: Sufficient Assumption · how this choice captures the argument's function is the move to repeat next time.

    80% picked this

  3. If Griley is not an

    Reversal

    We would have loved a rule that said "if you are elitist, then you don't have high regard" But this says, "if you're not elitist, then you do have high regard" Griley is an elitist, so this answer's rule doesn't apply to him. Thus it goes nowhere and does nothing for us.

    2% picked this

  4. Anyone who does not have

    Too Strong

    We would have loved an answer that said: "If elitist who is dubious of popular art, then doesn't have high regard". But this is a reversal: "if doesn't have high regard, then elitist who is dubious of popular art". We don't know whether Griley lacks high regard for the wisdom of the masses (that's what we want an answer choice to tell us!) So since we don't know whether the trigger of this rule applies to Griley, this goes nowhere and does nothing for us.

    9% picked this

  5. Unless Griley believes in democracy,

    Reversal

    This just provides a reversal of the first sentence. The first sentence said "believe in democracy → high regard" This says "high regard → believe in democracy" We never want an answer choice on Necessary or Sufficient Assumption to look like a rewording of one individual claim. That's not how correct answers work; that's how trap answers work when they're just distorting the meaning of that claim. This rule has no power to prove that someone doesn't believe in democracy, so it is useless for our purposes. It can only prove that someone does believe in democracy.

    8% picked this

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