Clearly, fitness consultants who smoke

Answer choices

1. A

   Trap22% picked this

   Anyone who does not care for his or her own health cannot help

   Unrelated to Goal Not a New Idea Since this doesn't contain any information about "smoking cigarettes" it's functionally useless to us. Until we hear something about people who smoke, we have no chance of mathematically proving something about "people who smoke". Could we apply this answer choice's rule to fitness consultants who smoke? Are they people who "don't care for their own health"? We don't know. That's the whole problem. We don't know anything about fitness consultants who smoke because there was no evidence about them. This answer is announcing the inference that you get by combining the two conditional premises. We already "have" this idea, because if they tell us "if A then B, and if B then C", we already "know" that "if A then C". A Sufficient Assumption answer could never be correct if it just repeats something we already know.

   22%
2. B

   Unrelated to Goal1% picked this

   Anyone who cares about the health of others can help others

   Since this doesn't contain any information about "smoking cigarettes" it's functionally useless to us. Could we apply this answer choice's rule to fitness consultants who smoke? Are they people who "do care for their own health"? We don't know. That's the whole problem. We don't know anything about fitness consultants who smoke because there was no evidence about them.

   1%
3. C

   Unrelated to Goal2% picked this

   Anyone who does not care for the health of others cannot help

   Since this doesn't contain any information about "smoking cigarettes" it's functionally useless to us. Could we apply this answer choice's rule to fitness consultants who smoke? Are they people who "do not care for their own health"? We don't know. That's the whole problem. We don't know anything about fitness consultants who smoke because there was no evidence about them.

   2%
4. D

   Bad Trigger Match3% picked this

   Anyone who does not smoke cares about the health

   This is finally an answer about "smoking". It says don't smoke ? care about others' health Could we apply this rule to fitness consultants who smoke? No, because it's a rule about people who don't smoke.

   3%
5. E

   Correct71% picked this

   Anyone who cares about his or her own health does

   Why this is right

   This is the contrapositive we predicted. care about own health ? doesn't smoke When we contrapose this answer it will look more like the gap we wanted: does smoke ? doesn't care own health Can we apply this rule to fitness consultants who smoke cigarettes? Yes, finally! Since they smoke, this rule tells us that they don't care about their own health. The premises then say that since they don't care about their own health, they can't care for their clients' health, and thus they can't help their clients become healthier. We derived the conclusion! Fitness consultants who smoke can't help their clients become healthier.

   Skill tested: Sufficient Assumption · how this choice captures the argument's function is the move to repeat next time.

   71%